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and is of white marble. The State House isa large brick building in Chcsnut street. Gi-rard's Bank is a beautiful marble buildingwith Corinthian columns. The Arcade is animposing structure, leading from Chcsnut toCarpenter street. It is fitted up with shops,and in the second story with piazzas, and con-tains Pcale’s Museum. The Theatre in Ches-nut street has a marble front. The MasonicHall, a little further on, is in the Gothic style.The Academy of Arts is in Chesnut street,between Tenth and Eleventh. Among thestatues are the Three Graces of Canova , anda gallery of pictures principally the works ofAmerican artists. The Mint of the UnitedStates is in Philadelphia , and the buildingforms an important addition to the public edi-fices : it fronts on Chesnut near Broad street,and is built entirely of white marble. Theamount coined annually varies from two anda half to three million dollars. The Schuyl-kill Water-Works are a splendid establish-ment, and noted especially for the rich andvaried prospect enjoyed from them. The build-ing in which the machinery is contained is ahandsome one, and the machinery is capableof raising 7 million gallons of water in 24hours. The wheels are driven by a currentfrom a dam above. The reservoirs arc on ahill, higher than anv part of the city. Thepipes extend 34 or 35 ni. This grand workabundantly repays the inspection. Pratt’sGarden, in full view of the Water-Works, is a;charming place, and well worthy to be visited.The Penitentiary has the aspect of a fortress.The wall is of granite, 40 feet high, and in-closes a square 650 feet each way. The NavyHospital, 2 m. SW. of the centre of the city,has a front of 386 feet, and is 3 stories high.It is built partly of granite and partly of mar-ble. The Navy Yard is of great extent, and!fitted up with first-rate appurtenances forbuilding frigates and ships of the line. ThePennsylvania , building here, it is said, will bethe largest ship in the world, and is to carry160 guns. The new Alms-House, upon thewestern bank of the Schuylkill, is a very ex-tensive structure, having a front upon the river!of about 1,000 feet. The House of Refuge isnear the city, upon the Ridge Road, and isa substantial and commodious edifice. TheUniversity of Pennsylvania was incorporatedin 1791. The number annually admittedto degrees is usually about 30. The MedicalInstitution belonging to the University has 8professors, and has the reputation of being thefirst institution of the kind in the Union. Ithas about .500 students from various parts ofthe U. States. Its buildings are two large andelegant edifices in Ninth street, between Ches-nut and Market. The Jefferson Medical Col-lege, situated in Tenth street, is another insti-tution of tliis kind: it has, at present, a smallernumber of students. The Philadelphia Prison isa more interesting object to humanity than themost gorgeous palaces. It presents (he practi-cal application of principles which worldlymen have derided, and philosophy has upheldwithout daring to hope for their adoption. The,

convicts are all employed in various kinds ofmechanical labor, the proceeds of which, whenthey exceed the expenses of their prosecutionand support during their confinement, are di-vided, one-half being paid to the prisoner athis discharge, and the balance retained by thestate. The humane and rational system ofdiscipline established, and so successfullymaintained in this prison, has become a modelfor those of the other states. Though separatedby justice from society, and condemned toyears of toil, the prisoners are not supposed tohave lost the distinctive attributes of humannature : they are treated as rational beings,operated on by rational motives, and repay thistreatment by improved habits of industry andsubmission. The public squares of tills city,from their frequency, verdure, and the num-ber of people promenading them, give it anappearance of rural beauty, which few largeand commercial cities possess. No city in theUnion can show such long ranges of uniformand magnificent houses as this. Uniformity,neatness, and utility are its standing charac-teristics. Two men, whose names will be co-eval with time, differing in a thousand re-flects from each other, have been enabled tostamp a blended impress of their own peculiarintellectual character upon the aspect and in-stitutions of Philadelphia . The one is Frank-lin, the simple and sagacious expounder of thedoctrine of utility; the other, William Penn ,the memorable patriarch , the immortal as-sertcr of toleration, a doctrine in his time littleknown, but now as universally admitted andlauded in theory, as it is generally disregardedin practice. Another celebrated individual ,Stephen Girard , who closed his life within thepresent year, by his great exertions and unex-ampled success in commerce and banking,contributed largely during his life to the pros-perity of this city. By perseverance and goodfortune, lie accumulated possessions in realestate and money, to the amount of more thanten millions of dollars; and at his death, liebequeathed more than three-fourths of this im-mense sum to the corporation of Philadelphia ,and to various charitable and benevolent insti-tutions in the city. By his will, two milliondollars arc to be appropriated to the buildingand endowment of a college for the gratuitoussupport and education of orphans. This col-lege is to be 110 by 160 feet, 3 stories high,and sufficiently spacious to accommodate 300scholars. It i3 to be built entirely of whitemarble, and, together with the Exchange(which is now in a course of erection, and tobe formed of the same material) will add tothe noble edifices which adorn and beautifythe citv of Philadelphia .

PHILANTHROPY, v. Butler co.Ohio , 123m. SW. from Columbus .

PHILLIPS, t. Somerset co. Me. 40 m. NW.from Norricigewock. Pop. 954.

PHILLIP’S POINT, cape in Lynn , Mass.Lon. 70° 54' W.; lat. 42° 30' N.

PHILLIP’S RIVER , r. N. H. which uniteswith the Upper An oonoosuc, in Piercy.

PHILIPS, co. of Ark. lying along the Mi«-