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more general 1 and complete in 1670. The twostates then renounced all right of trading witheach other’s colonies ; and the title of Englandwas acknowledged to all the territories in Ame-rica , of which she was then possessed.

The French king, about the beginning okCharles’s reign, laid some impositions on Englishcommodities: And the English, partly displeasedwith this innovation , partly moved by theiranimosity against France, retaliated, by layingsuch restraints on the commerce with that king-dom as amounted almost to a prohibition. Theyformed calculations, by which they persuadedthemselves, that they were losers a million anda half or near two millions a year by the Frenchtrade. But no good effects were found to resultfrom these restraints, and in king James’s reignthey were taken off by parliament.

Lord Clarendon tells us, that, in 1665 4when money, in consequence of a treaty, wasto be remitted to the bishop of Munster, it wasfound, that the whole trade of England couldnot supply above 1000 pounds a month to Frank-fort and Cologne, nor above 20,000 pounds amonth to Hamburgh: These sums appear sur-prisingly small ".

Ax the same time that the boroughs of Eng-land were deprived of their privileges , a likeattempt was made on the colonies. King Jamesrecalled the charters , by which their liberties

14 Life of Clarendon , p.

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