FOE COMMON FARMING.
27
the boxes are usually dug 18 inches or 2 feet below the surface of the ground.Cattle-boxes are best lighted from the roof.
155. In fig. 3, Plate VII., is an illustrative plan of cattle-byres, when theyare preferred for fattening cattle either to boxes or hammels : a a is the middlepassage, 5 feet wide, with a dung-grupe on each side ; b b and c c the feedingpassages, 5 feet wide, and d d, d d the stalls affording accommodation to sixtycattle. These byres may be lighted either by windows in the outside walls, orby sky-liglits in the roof
156. Where the arrangement of byre-feeding is adopted, a place for the dungwill be required, and this is provided for in the covered dung-stance e e, fig. 4,Plate VII., the dimensions of which are 18 feet by 50, and a door, 9 feet wide,at each end, for a cart to be backed through to remove the dung.
157. It may be both curious and interesting to state the space occupied byeach ox respectively in hammels, boxes, and byres. The hammels give 1911-square feet to each ox, the boxes 115| square feet, and the byres IO 65 squarefeet—so that hammels occupy If and boxes 10 per cent more of space thanbyres.
158. Power can be derived from the engine to drive turnip-cutters in thecutting-machine rooms u and k, and corn and oilcake bruisers in the food-storesv and l, as also a straw-cutter in the straw-barn d.
159. The dotted lines show the structure of the buildings and their roofs, andthe positions of the doors and windows, and of the chimney-stalks, and speciallyof the engine-stalk rising 50 feet from its basement.
160. The highest part of this steading is a part of the principal range on eachside of the thrashing-machine and the centre range, the principal range beingdivided into upper and lower storeys. In fig. 13 is the plan of the upper storey
E3rf □
UPPER STOREY OF A. BTEADINO POR COMMON PA.RMTNO.
in both ranges, in which a is the upper bam, 18 feet by 30 in the widest part, and18 feet by 20 in the narrowest, directly over the corn-barn and the engine-room ;b the site of the thrashing-machine, with its drum, and shakers, and gearing; cthe door, 6 feet wide, by which the sheaves of corn are brought from the stack-yard ; d a sky-light in the roof for light to the barn ; e a hatch in the floor, 3 feetby 3, through which the roughs may be handed up from the corn-barn below to