ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE. 69

style, and the columns have an eighth partfor their thickness, they have a clumsy andungraceful appearance, on account of thefrequency of the columns, and the narrow-ness of the intervals ; for this reason, thesymmetry and proportion of each ordershould be attended to. Also the thicknessof the corner columns must be increasedone fiftieth part; for, by the great sur-rounding space, they will appear smallerto the view, and it is necessary art shouldrectify this defect of vision.

For the diminution of the shaft of a co-lumn, the following rule may be observed :if the shaft of a column is fifteen feet highthe diameter of the lower part is dividedinto six parts; five of which are for the topdiameter. If columns are from fifteen totwenty feet high, the lower diameter is di-vided into six parts and a half; five and ahalf of which are for the top diameter. Ifcolumns are from twenty to thirty feet highthe lower diameter is divided into sevenparts ; six of which are for the top dia-meter. If columns are from thirty to fortyfeet high, the lower diameter is dividedinto seven parts and a half; six and a halfof which are for the top diameter. If co-