E El

52

BSI

following statement, the work is supposed to be a well-builtgray-stock front, the rates of charge according to the presentLondon prices for 1848.

To 4,500 gray-stock bricks, prime cost at

38s. per thousand.

cwt. lime, at 14s. per cwt.

2 loads sand, at 5s. per load.

J of a day of a labourer to slack, chaff, &c.

the mortar, 3s. 6d. per day.

Bricklayer 5 days, 5s. 6d.

Labourer 5 days, 3s. Gd.

£12 9 7£

Add 1J per cent for scaffolding, &c. 0 3 4^

Add 15 per cent profit on the prime cost... 1 17 6

£14 10 6

In making the calculation of a wall where the bricks ofthe facing are of a superior quality to the backing, it is pro-per to observe, that the number of bricks in the facing ofa rod of Flemisli-bond work will vary from 1,500 to 2,000,according to the size of the bricks and closeness of thejoints; this number of bricks must be deducted from thewhole number that would constitute a rod; and each numberof bricks must be valued according to their respectivequalities.

The following example will sufficiently explain the appli-cation of the foregoing rules in the measurement of the frontwall of a house.

Example ,—Suppose the front wall of a house to be fourstories high, and the length 26 feet; the footing to consist ofplace-bricks in four courses, which are respectively, 5, 4^, 4,and 31 bricks in breadth; the basement part of the wall to bebuilt with gray-stocks, 11 feet in height, and 3 bricks inthickness; the parlour part of the wall to be 11 feet in height,and 21 bricks in thickness; the one-pair-of-stairs, or principalfloor, to be 13 feet in height and 2 bricks in thickness; thechamber floor to be 10 feet in height and 1^ brick in thick-ness; the three upper stories to be of gray-stock work, facedwith marls; in each of the basement and entrance stories areto be two windows and a door, and three windows in each ofthe upper stories: the whole of the windows, as well as thedoors, to be 4 feet in width; the windows in the basement tobe 6 feet in height, and not recessed in the inside below thesash-frame: those in the parlour-story to be 8^- feet in height,recessed from the inside of the room below the sash-frame,which is to be placed two feet above the surface of the floor;those in the drawing-room story to descend to the bottom, andto be in height 10 feet. The upper windows to be 6 feet9 inches in height, and feet above the surface of the floor,the head of the basement door to be upon a level with thewindows, and the jambs 8-j feet high. The street-door toentrance, or parlour-story, to be semicircular, and the top ofthe arch upon a level with the soffits of the heads of thewindows; the sash-frames to be all sunk within the jambsin 4 inch reveals'; likewise the under sides of the woodenlintels above the level of the soffits of the brick heads, to berecessed 3 inches upward, and the door-frames 13 inches intothe jambs, and also 3 inches into the head; all the windowsand doors to have rubbed and gauged arches: the arches ofthe windows to be 11 inches broad, and in height equal tofour courses of the wall. Their mean length, or horizontaldimension, to be 41 feet; the soffits to be the breadth ofa brick, or 41 inches, and the length is consequently four feet,the breadth of the windows: the arch of the door to be 9inches broad on the face, and as much on the soffit: howmuch will the whole amount to, supposing the rod of place-bricks to be £12. 15s. the rod of gray-stock work to be£14. 10s. the extra facing of best marl stocks to be sixpence

per foot superficial, the extra price of the rubbed and gaugedarches 3s. per foot, and the lineal foot of angles in aperturesto be a penny per foot: likewise, what will be the price of arod, supposing the apertures not deducted, and what will bethe rate if they are deducted, without making any other extracharge whatever; so that the profit of the master bricklayershall be the same in either case ?

The dimensions are generally taken with two five-feet rods,and entered in a book, ruled perpendicularly for the purpose.In brick-work it will be convenient to have three columnscontiguous to each other on the left hand; the first verticalcolumn to contain the dimensions, and to be only bounded byone vertical line on the right-hand side of the column: thedimensions of the same surface to be written one under theother, putting the like denominations in vertical rows ;the number of times any work is repeated is put on the leftof the upper dimension, and separated from it by a curve;the number of half bricks are to be written in the adjoin-ing right-hand column, ruled on both sides, and in a horizontalline with either dimension.

It would answer little purpose to show the work arisingby squaring the dimensions. It may be proper to observe, inorder to avoid numerous repetitions of division, that thedimensions of the surfaces, in length and breadth, must bemultiplied together, and the product multiplied by the num-ber of times, if more than once repeated, and this last pro-duct again by the number of half bricks in the thicknessof the work: but if the outline of the surface of the work becircular, or any figure whatever, the quantity of surface mustbe found by the rules for measuring that figure, and repeatedthe number of times, and this product by the number of halfbricks in the thickness of the work, as before. These productsmay be found by beginning with any of the multipliers, andusing any one of the remaining ones in each succeedingproduct until their number is exhausted; the result is tobe placed in a third adjoining column on the right, in ahorizontal row with either of the dimensions. The dimen-sions, the number of half bricks, and contents of everytwo surfaces, are to be separated from each other by a hori-zontal line. The numbers in the third column are the con-tents of the work reduced to a wall, half a brick thick; andconsequently, any number of contents of the same species ofwork may be added together, and reduced to the standard bydividing the sum by 3 ; and if rods are required, the quotientmust be divided by 272, which will save immense labour.

The following is a specimen of the Dimension Book: Thelineal measures are as in the preceding description, and aresupposed to be taken in order, as they succeed each other,beginning with the basement part of the building, whether ofthe same kind or not, in order to prevent frequent returningto the same place.

Where the same dimension is often repeated in differentparts of the building, it would be unnecessary to insert thenumber of times they occur in every part; it is sufficient tomake a memorandum of the number to be found in eachplace, on the waste, and then the number of times it isrepeated in the whole may be inserted in the DimensionBook at last.

In each of the different stories, the same order, if possible,is repeated, that mistakes of overlooking any of the articlesmay be prevented.

Every other part will be sufficiently evident by inspection,and by attending to the general description in the example,except the semicircular head of door-way, the dimensions ofwhich are set down in the same manner as the others, and thesquaring is found by the rules for measuring a circle. NoWthe multiplier for the area of a circle reduced to duodecimals

£• «. d.

8 n o

1100 10 0

o 2 7£

17 60 17 6