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Use ; as, disposition of apartments, disposition ofDlS'p ?® eust yle, diastyle, pichnostyle, &c.a He b e .^^CE of the Eye , in perspective :—If a straightPicttifg , r , a "’ n from the eye, perpendicular to the plane of the^Bce nf intercepted part of such line is termed the dis-jj..v the
‘SIAN,
eye.
CE > Point of. See Point of Distance.
:‘ Cl ->lar 7? K 0F A YANISHING Line, the length of a perpen-ihe. ’ a *ling from the eye perpendicular to the vanishing
^ nacccs sible. See Trigonometry.
?ilut e \ .LMPER, (from the French , dHremper, to temper, or
yh in TMiLj.* . » » • n ■ ' » •
’eg
ln Painting, the working up of colours with something
1 ttpro — • . n r - ---°
- paint,•l e - Water or -ff colours be prepared with water,
b,the
Vin'oT 2 is called liming ; and if with oil, it is called paint-If ^ ’ or simply painting.
s hch ® c °lours be mixed with size, whites of eggs, or anyoil, t £'°Per glutinous or unctuous substance, and not withn>e . J then say it is done in distemper: as those of** ali m,ra ble - --
^ ern Per, the white colour or base generally used is the* h>an p®’ w hich is prepared in large quantities by vari-fn, acturors Tlip pnlonro mncf nftmmrtnlw mivo/1 w.fl
The colours most commonly mixed withthe various tints are as follows :—Straw
ior "“Outers.
cok,, P r °3ucing _ i-i
V U ; ma y b e made with white and masticot, or Dutch pink ;
! gp <J __
be « ’ w *th white and refiner’s verditer; an inferior grayV 0r ? ril Pounded with blue black or bone black, and damp; pea-greens, witli French green, Olympian^ X'bit d fawn colour, with burnt sienna or burnt umber^ ’ an d so of any intermediate tint. All the colours
l ‘"l t e m T* fll lllflV On nnn.mil .rnnn Ann n*
a ed
emper, should either be ground very fine, orw -iclea. 6 t 80 as t0 ensure the most minute division of theirVt a Pro 8 ener al, the size made of common glue is used% ""bere^T ( l uant ' , -y of water to render the colour liquid,I 1 e work will afford it, parchment-size will bej> 0 j Win u y 8 *iperior.
5 t , ^ ool 0 „ 0t re fiuire less than two coats of any of the fore-iJi at iif 0rti) rs > in order to cover the plaster, and bear out with<list °UreH , a PP ea rance. When old plastering has become. sta ins, and it be desired to have it painted incl ea ’ * 18 advisable to give the old plaster, when pro-in .j °ff and prepared, one coat at least of white-leadb^ally c 1 ’ an< f used with spirits of turpentine, which will7k !lte r-r> 0; [ eii °*d stains, and, when quite dry, will take
Hi 1 * b est 01 ours ver y kindl y-
CoJq, i s Methods of compounding the colours with the8 Pp fli in 40 ®ix the size in water, then to levigate the' )t C^ r pot 8rt and afterwards to put each kind into
to ’adding as much more of the melted size as will'k 4 Pot • cons ' 3tence > an d mixing the whole well toge-ta rjb lf i With a brush or wooden spatula. Warm waterA or e 5 War ds added, if necessary, fo
necessary, for grinding theThe pots must be covered withThis method of painting is chiefly con-
*b>M Lp° r working.
^ t0 Cp d tied - Thif -_r».o_.,_
\ apon .A and grosser works, where the effect dependsperspective and opposition of the colours, than
A^l&lfbtne* 88 -
Parts^ the dividing and disposing of the
i *>t'p S of a a f a building according to some plan, or toVp/ % rca itecture. The proper distribution or arrange-^ a ar *°us apartments in a large building is of greatjNy l A t 0 nd niay be either good or bad, as they may betb e a nswer their use. That arrangement only can,° r ©er appellation, in which every apartment1,1 its very best position, with regard to archi-4 A
tectural symmetry, elegance of appearance, and domesticconvenience.
DISTYLE, ( Greek, bviv-trrvXo c), a portico of two columns.It applies rather to a portico with two columns in antis, thanto the mere two-columned porch.
DITRIGLYPH, an interval admitting two triglyphs overthe intercolumn ; that is, if in two adjoining columns a tri-glyph be placed with its middle over each, the ditriglyph willcontain three metopes, or spaces, two half triglyphs, and twowhole triglyphs.
DIYAN, among the Orientals, a council-chamber, or thesaloon or hall in which a council is held : it is applied gene-rally to denote a state apartment, or room in which companyis received.
DIVERGING LINES, such as are continually increasingin their distance from each other.
DIVIDERS. See Mathematical Instruments.
DIVISION, Harmonical. See Harmonical Division.
Division of an Order. See Order.
DOCK, an artificial receptacle for shipping, generallyformed by excavation, and enclosed by gates, which open forthe ingress and egress of vessels; the sides are usually con-structed of masonry.
Dock, a place artificially formed on the side of a harbouror bank of a river, for the reception of ships. Docks are oftwo kinds, wet-docks and dry-docks. A wet-dock is an exca-vation or basin of considerable extent, which vessels canenter to discharge or take in their cargoes, and in whichthey are always afloat; of this kind are the immense docksof London , Liverpool, and other places of great commerce.A dry-dock is used for inspecting and repairing ships, and isso contrived, that the water can be admitted or excluded atpleasure, so that a vessel can be floated in when the tideis up, and the water may run out witli the fall of the tide;or, the gates of the dock being closed to prevent the egressof the water, it is pumped out by steam-power. Dockyardsbelonging to the government usually consist of dry-docks forrepairing ships, and of slips on which new vessels are built;besides which they comprise storehouses, in which variouskinds of naval stores are kept, and workshops in which dif-ferent processes subsidiary to ship-building, are carried on.
DODECAGON, (itafta'a, twelve , and ytovia, angle ), aregular polygon or figure, with twelve equal sides andangles.
If the radius of a circle OADF, be so divided into twoparts, that the rectangle under the whole and the one partshall be equal to the square of the other part; then this lastpart will be equal to the side CD of a regular decagonabcdef, &c., inscribed in the circle ; and that line whosesquare is equal to the two squares of the whole, and of thesame part, will be equal to the side, A c, of a regular pen-tagon inscribed in the same circle. For, draw the radiiO A, o C, O d, o f ; also draw A d, cutting o C in G, and letah be perpendicular to o G. The triangle odg, having theangle cod( = a d o f = oad) = oda, is isosceles: thetriangle a o g, having A g 0 ( = gdo + dog = 2doc)= a o C, is likewise isosceles ; as is also the triangle cdg;because, c G d being = ago, and cdg(cda) = fad, thetriangles a o g and c d.g are equiangular ; consequently,C d, a o ; C G, g o, being corresponding sides, we haveCG X a o (c g X c o) = CD x go = go 1 , becauseGo = gd = DC, the side of the decagon, &c. Moreover,because ag = ao,hg will be = ho; and Gc being thedifference of the segments h o and h c, we have A C-’ — a o 2= CO X gc = og’; and consequently Ac s (i . e. the squareof the side of the pentagon) s: A o’ + O G 8 .
Let c o = a, g o = *, then will CG m — x; and by