C H R
( 288 ) CHR
accompanies the topazes: it has alfo been dis-covered by Count Bournon in fand from theifland of Ceylon , together with rubies and fap-phires. A few fpecimens have been broughtfrom Nertschinlk in Siberia . It is howeverupon the whole a very rare mineral, and fromits hardnefs and luftre is confiderably valued byjewellers.
CHRYSOLITE. Peridot of Hauy.
The principal colour of this mineral is pifta-chia-green, paffmg into brownifli-olive. Itoccurs in angular or rounded fragments, orcryftallized. Its primitive form is a ftrait prifmwith redtangular bafes, the other varieties ofcryftallization under which it appears are
x. An octagonal prifm terminated at eachextremity by fix faces oblique and one hori-zontal,
2. The fame terminated by eight obliquefaces .correfponding to the (ides of the prifm,and one horizontal.
3. A ten-fided prifm terminated by fix obliquefaces and one horizontal.
4. A twelve-fided prifm terminated by eightoblique faces and one horizontal.
In all the varieties except the third thofe facesip the prifna which are the remains of the longfides of the original prifm are deeply ftriated,while thofe which are the remains of the fhortfides ate remarkably fmooth. The internalluftre of the cryftals is brilliant and vitreous.Its fracture is perfectly conchoidalj the frag-ments are indeterminately fharp-edged. It isperfectly tranfparent, and poffeffes a doublerefraction in a very remarkable degree. Itshardnefs exceeds that of glafs. Sp.gr.=3.34.
It is infufible per fe before the blow-pipe, butwith borax forms a tranfparent green glafs.
It has been analyzed by Klaproth 1 and Vau-quelin b with the following refults.
Klapr. Vauq.
,Silex - - 39. - 38.
Magnefia - 43.5 - 5 0, 5Oxyd of iron 19. - 9.5
xoi-5 98.0
It is not known with any certainty whencethe chryfolite is procured : Upper Egypt is faidto be one of the countries which afford it, anda few come to the jewellers of Europe from theEaft Indies. It ranks among the gems, but itsfoftnefs and unattradlive tone of colour, efpeci-nlly when the yellow predominates, make it oflittle value.
•Analyt. E 1 T. i, p. 91. * Joura. des Mines, No. 24.
CHRYSOLITE BRASILIAN, 1 See
--ORIENTAL, vChryso-
- OPALESCENT, J beryl.
CHRYSOLITE VOLCANIC. SeeOLiviN.
CHRYSOLITE VESUVIAN. See Ve-
SUVIAN.
CHRYSOPAL. See Chrysoberyl.
CPIRYSOPRASE. Quartz-agathe prafe.
Hauy.
The colour of this mineral is apple-green,paffmg into grafs and olive-green and greenilh-grey. It is found in mafs, in angular fragmentsand thick plates. Internally it exhibits a flightdegree of luftre. Its fracture is even, paffmgfometimes into fine fplintery and flat conchoidal,with indeterminate lharp-edged fragments. Itshardnefs is fomewhat lefs than that of Chalce-dony . Sp. gr. 3.25. _
Before the blow-pipe chryfoprafe becomesopake and colourlefs, but is infufible per fe. Ithas been analyfed with great accuracy by Kla-proth 0 , and appears to confift ofSilex - - 96.16
Lime - - 0.83
Oxyd ofNickel I.o
97-99
It has hitherto been found only at Kofemutzin Lower Silefia, imbedded in ferpentine, alongwith quartz, opal, chalcedony, &c. It paffesinto hornftone and chalcedony, and appears todiffer from this laft in little elfe than colour.
When kept long in a warm and dry fituationit lofes the greateft part of its colour. Theapple-green variety is in fome eftimation amongjewellers, and is cut into ftones for rings.
CHYLE. The food of animals after it hasundergone digeftion in the ftomach paffes intothe fmall inteftines, in which the alimentary partis feparated, and from which it is abforbed orfucked by fmall veflels called the lacleals, thatconvey it through a circuitous courfe finally intotwo veins, where it mixes with, and becomesblood.
Chyle therefore is the laft change that foodundergoes previous to its converfion into blood,and its analyfis would be fcarcely lefs intereftingthan that of blood itfelf, could it be collectedconveniently, and in fufficient quantity. Hither-to only a few defultory experiments have beenmade, which are collected by Haller. d
By thefe we learn that chyle is a milky whitefluid, of an agreeable fub-faline tafte, lighterthan the ferum of blood, or even than water,