MUR

M U R

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Becomes folkl by cooling, it is to be broken intomoderate iized pieces and kept for fome daysin a damp cellar, where it imbibes a confider-ab!e quantity of water and carbonic acid, falls topowder and at the fame time parts almoftentirely with the fulphuretted hydrogen towhich its hepatic fmell and flavour when recentare owing. It may now be brought to market,without any further preparation, or the alkalinepart may be extradited and fold feparately.

In order to feparate the alkaline from theearthy part lixiviation with cold water mull behad recourfe to: tire clear liquor by evaporationto a pellicle and fubfequent cooling, depofitscryftals of carbonated foda, and the motherwater, confuting chiefly of femicauftic foda, multbe boiled down to drynefs and afterwards cal-cined till it is as white as pearlafh, in whichftate it is well fitted for the glafs makers.

500 lbs. of raw materials treated as abovedescribed afford 27 6 lbs. of rough foda, ofwhich 100 lbs. yield by lixiviation 37 lbs. 8 oz.of cryftallized carbonat, and 23 lbs. 2 oz. ofdry femicauftic foda, with a fmall admixture offulphuret of lime and of other falts accidentallycontained in the original fulphat.

2. Decompofition of Glaubers fait by means ofiron and charcoal. •

lbs.

, Take 200 Calcined Glauber’s fait40 Powdered charcoal65 Clippings of iron plate or old iron22 Charcoal in the ftate of fmall coal

327 lbs.

Having mixed the fulphat of foda with thepowdered charcoal, let it be introduced intothe reverberatory furnace and treated for thefirft hour exactly as deferibed in the foregoingprocefs: then bring the mixture to compleatfufion and add 40 lbs. of the clippings, ftirringthe materials well at the fame time with an ironrake in order to mix them more compleatly.In a fhort time after, the matter which wasat firft quite fluid will become pafty, accompa-nied with much foaming and boiling till theclippings are diffolved: as foon as this takesP^ce, 16 lbs. of fmall coal mull be ftirred in,w hich will immediately excite the dilengage-nrent of fulphuretted hydrogen mentioned inle former procefs. When this appearanceegm s to t } le rema ining 25 lbs. of

- hffmgs and 6 lbs of Imallcoal are to be addedin ucce ion, and the ftirring is to be diligentlyeon mue ti the jets of inflamed gas almolt

ceafe: when this happens, the matter (till fluidis to be run into moulds of fand where itfolidifies.

The rough foda thus prepared weighs 215 lbs.is of a bhtckilh brown colour which becomesftill darker by the contact of the air: whenbroken it has a kind of metallic luftre and aclofe ftriated texture. To the tafte it is caufticand hepatic: by expofure to a moift atmofphereit becomes covered with a yellow efflorefcence,and quickly falls to powder with a confiderabledifengagement of heat and fulphuretted hydro-gen; at the fame time it abforbs carbonic acidand water fo as to increafe in weight by anexpofure of about 20 days in the proportionof 5 to 8.

From the 2x5 lbs of rough foda thus obtainedand increafed by abforption of air and moillureto 344 lbs. may be obtained by lixiviation andcry Utilization 152 lbs. of carbonated foda, andthe uncryftallizable mother water will afford byevaporation about 47 lbs. of femicauftic fodamixed with a little charcoal, fulphuret of ironand other impurities. The inloluble refidueweighs about 18.7 lbs. and is fulphuret of ironwith a little charcoal in a ftate highly favour-able for vitriolization.

Muriat of Ammonia. See Sal Ammoniac.

Muriat of Lime.

This earthy fait was firft known in chemicalmanufacture as the refidue from the diftillatiouof carbonat of ammonia by chalk and muriat ofammonia. It is alfo found native frequently,but in fmall quantities, in a great variety offaline fprings, but never entering into anyfolid mineral.

To procure it pure any quantity of purechalk or white marble is to' be diffolved inpure muriatic acid to faturation, and the clearfluid evaporated to a thick fyrupy confidence,when by cooling it will congeal into a yel-lowifh tranfparent faline mafs, of a ftriatedtexture. This fait may alfo be procured inregular cryftals in the form of fix lided prifinsterminated by fix-fided pyramids, but it is noteafy to cryftallize this fait. Pelletier lucceededby expofing a concentrated folution to verygradual evaporation in a warm and dry air.Beaume finds the famecryftallization when thefolution is long kept in bottles.

This fait is one of the molt deliquefcent ofall the known falts, fo that the cryftals keptexpofed to the air, or even in a bottle but{lightly flopped, foon refolve into a denfe yellow-ilh liquid refembling oil in appearance, andcalled by the older chemifts oil of lime. Thit ft 2