194 OF PROJ FCTILES.

rations ; the number ami quality ot the oops that cc.-Tiposethe army, and their mariner of-fighting.

A gener-.i commanding an itm} , should 1>. . >;>.dwith the effects of art-ilery, that he u.a- Li'-q• ~ -1: canbe emplot ed to advantage $ and how -hr , v . •mt.-iamtyand skilfully served, it can conuibate lUiin-menc of

bis object (141,142).

187. Jncountries where the transport of car; .ages is attendedwith no great difficulty, the train of artillery that march - - 'harmies, are composed of medium guns, cast of mem 1 >n-taining ^ of tin, and carrying balls of 16, 8, and 4ILS - 4).These guns are divided into brigades : the heaviest shouldnot weigh more than 32 cwt. as the bridges constructed bythe peasants for their carts and waggons can seldom supporta greater weight: beside, if the road he not hard, or havebeen spoiled by preceding rains, it will be impossible to moveheavier guns, even at the opening of the campaign; and,in autumn, when the roads are generally deep, the cattle wltlbe exhausted with the fatigues they have already undergone.Therefore, the species of artillery should, be always adaptedto the nature of the country.

In carrying'on offensive operations in a champaign coun-try, the train of artillery should be composed of 8 prs. ; towhich may be added a few 16 prs. for occasions of greatexertion ; there should be a few short light guns (97) toaccompany any corps of the army that may be destined byrapid marches to fall on the enemy’s convoys or cut off theirdetachments. In deep hilly countries, short 8 and 4 prs.should be the heaviest guns used: indeed, an exact know-ledge of the nature of the country is the best rule for deter-mining the calibre as well as number of the guns.

W hen the army is to remain on the defensive in a coun-try where the roads are tolerably level and good, and there isno great probability of being obliged to make very long move-ments, the number of 16 prs. should be greater than wouldfollow an army acting offensively in the fame country ; butif this defensive system be carried on in a strong country,where the transport of carriages is difficult, and long audrapid marches may be indispensiblv necessary ; the brigadesof artillery should be so constituted as easily to keep up withthe army. Any post that the general may wish to occupyand maintain during the campaign should be provided withguns of large calibre (71).

Having