IN TIME OF WAR.

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change their operations from defensive to offensive: cavalrylor instance, should be posted on level and open ground,that they may perform the necessary evolutions without im-pediment or embarrassment ! 189 y.

T he artillery ssvould be drawn up in the best situations sofenfilading the opposite army with round (hot (194), or firingcase-shot against their front (195J. In advancing with the lineof the army, the ground in front thould be level and open(192): this circumstance is not very material when the army isnot to advance, but receive the enemy in their present posi-tion; it will then be sufficient, if their rear be secured by ditchesor other obstacles against a charge of cavalry.

Finally, the infantry which is the sou! and strength of everydisposition, will be advantageously posted when they aredrawn up three or four deep behind fences or hollow ways,whence they can keep up an incessant fire and manœuvre freely;or some paces behind the crest of a rising ground, which mayserve as a kind of parapet: when they are to advance to theattack, the ground in front ought to be open; and that partof the first line which is to charge ought to be formed withvery deep files or in column, not exposed to be taken inflank by the enemy’s artillery.

231. The distance between the first and second lines is300 or 400 paces; with the corps de reserve, 200 paces inthe rear of the second line ; or between the two lines, inwhich cafe, the distance between them is increased to 400 or500 paces. When the army advances in line, an intervalof 20 or 30 paces is left between every two battalions, loprevent them from crouding the files, which generally hap-pens when this precaution is negledted ; but these intervalsare unnecessary when the army is to receive the attack: 8or 10 paces are left between every two guns. The intervalsbetween the squadrons of the first line should not exceed norbe less than half the front of one squadron.

In making a long charge in line, the squadrons shouldnever touch each other, from the almost absolute certainty oftheir being in disorder before they reach the enemy.

232. (Fig. 12, PI. 8) AB is an army drawn up in thdparallel order of battle, to engage the first line of the enemy’sC C; and may be supposed to be acting either offensively ordefensively.

(Fig. 13, PI. 8.) The army is drawn up in a parallelorder of battle defensive; in this disposition the right win»

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