IRON SHIPBUILDING.

955

edge of plates of ceiling all round to be y 2 inch thick, and the plates mustbe of good quality to allow of a Hange being turned on the edge, withoutshowing signs of weakness, the Hange to be on the top side, and doublerivetted to plating of hüll and bulkheads, and carefully caulked, forming thewater-tight joint between ceiling and hold of vessel. Air piping, and theusual piping fitted with cock, for filling and discharging the water, to beprovided.

Engine and boiler seatings .—According to drawings furnished by theengineers, to be formed of strong plates and angle irons as required.

Coal bunkers. —To be made of plates ^ inch thick, with stiffening angleiron 3 inches by 3 inches by $4 inch spaced 30 inches apart, with iron staysacross where required, with four scuttles on deck and two trimming doors.The upper edge of bunkers to form the boiler hatch, with beams to the sideof the ship.

Hold beams. —Of plates 10 inches by *4 inch, with two angle irons

5 inches by 3 inches by inch rivetted on top edge and two on bottomedge, and to have a plate 12 inches by f- inch at each end, the beams tobe spaced about 9 feet apart, the plate to be well rivetted to frames andhold Stringers.

Clamp plate. —Of plate iron 18 inches by inch, running all round theship, attached to frames above hold Stringer and rivetted to reverse angleirons, and to gunwale-stringer angle iron.

Hold stanchions. —Of hollow wrought-iron pillars, or 3-inch round iron,to be placed under and over every hold beam, and properly secured to deckand hold beams.

Deck beams .—To be on every alternate frame formed of patent beam iron8 inches by inch, with two angle irons 3 inches by 3 inches by inchrivetted to the top edge. The beams and framing for hatchways of extrastrength. Knee plates inch thick, and 18 inches on the side, to berivetted to deck and hold beams and frames.

Gunwale strmger. —Of plate iron 2 7 inches by inch amidships, for about140 feet, tapering to 20 inches by inch fore and aft, with angle irons

6 inches by 4 inches by inch, to be securely attached to sheer strake.

Deck ties .—Of plate iron 14 inches by £4 inch, extending the entire

length of the vessel, with diagonal ties, securely rivetted to deck beams andStringer.

Forecastle sole beams .—Of angle iron 5 inches by 3 inches by inch, tobe on every alternate frame, with fore-and-aft Stringer on the under side ofangle iron 6 inches by 4 inches by inch, securely rivetted to each beam.

Top-gallant forecastle beams. —Of angle iron 5 inches by 3 inches by inchspaced on deck beams.

Plating. —Keel strakes inch; bottom, bilge, and sheer strakes inch;