APPENDIX.
567
spent thirty years in perfecting it. He pioposed it as a Substitute for windand water-mills, and particularly for raising water and ore from mines.In the same work for 1751, p. 448, there is “ a self-moving wheel.” Andat p. 391, “ a self-moving maehine the latter by a Polish Jesuit ; it con-sisted of a wheel, ropes, pulleys, a pump, weights, &c. and of course, likeKranach ’s, could no more move of itself than a lamp-post, nor increaseany force imparted to it than could a Collection of paving stones.
If a perpetual motion could be obtained by a water-wheel and screwas above, then it would follow that a bricklayer’s laborer could convey ahod of mo rtar or a bücket of water to the top of a building with a muchless expenditure of force by traveling along a circular stair-way, than byascending directly up a ladder, and whether he carried the load on hisshoulder or dragged it after him by a cord. But the fact is, a 100 lb. ofwater cannot by any contrivance whatever be conveyed to the top of abuilding with a force less than would be required to pull up the sameweight of stone or mortar in a bücket: it can no more be wheedled outof its gravity by passing it up an inclined plane than a vertical one—through a helical tube than through a straight one.
Chain-Pumps in Ships , p. 154. John Bäte , describing a chain-pump in1633, says, a short brass chamber smoothly bored was inserted in thelower end. The pistons were fitted to this, and the rest of the pipe wasof larger bore. The chain was of iron and carried round by a sprocketwheel. Each piston consisted of a disk of horn between two of leather.Such a pump, he observes, “ goeth very strongly, and therefore had needbe made with wheels and wrought by horses, for so the water is broughtup at Broken Wharfe in London .” He names the chain-pump “ an enginwhereby you may draw water out of a deep well, or mount any river
water. Also it is used in great ships, which I have seen.”—(Mys-
teries of Nature and Art.)
Atmospheric Sprinkling Pots, p. 194. When Louis, duke of Orleansand Milan, brother of Charles VII . was murdered, (A. D. 1407,) hiswidow, as a Symbol of her distress and an indication that the rest of herlife would be spent in tears, adopted the chanteplewre or garden pot as anheraldic device ; and which, with the motto, plus ne m’est riens, she hadengraved upon almost every thing in her house. No. 282 is a figure ofthe instrument. (Devises Heroiques, par M. C.-Paradin, A Lyon, 1557.)
No. 283 is another old formof the atmospheric Sprinkler,from a Latin Collection of Em-blems of the early part of the17th Century. The motto ona flying scroll was Modo Spi-ritus Adsit. Air was admittedthrough a small opening nearthe top, which was closed withthe point of the finger.
The sixth and seventh pro-blems of Heron’s Spiri^alia re-late to these instruments. Thetwo figures there given are hol-low spheres; a small circleround the bottom being perforated, and a minute orifice near a ring orhandle on the top. In one there is a partition, so that two different liquidscould be contained within; and wine, or hot and cold water, dischargedas one or the other of the orifices at the top was uncovered.
jl-RR'ilbJ,
No. 283.
No. 282,