308

MODERN STEAM PRACTICE.

(22 x 22) = 484 - (20 x 20) = 400 = 84 x 2'45 = 205-8 Ibs. nearly.

Two flanges are generally reckoned equal to 1 foot of pipe.

Pipes forpit pmnps .—The most approved form of joint for pit orpump stand pipes is the spigot and faucet, with a turned face onthe flanges for making the joint, which is done by a ring of wrought

Fig. 200 a. —Pipes forPit Pumps.

a, Bottom pipe. b, Top pipe. c, Spigot. d, Faucet. e, Ring of wrought iron. f, Flange.g, Brackets. h, Bolt and nut. 1, Holes. k, Faces for joint.

iron covered with plaiding steeped in tar, and securely boltedtogether by means of the flanges and bolts. The spigot is accur-ately turned a little less in diameter than the faucet, which isbored out for its reception. The flanges are strongly bracketedto the body of the pipe, and the holes for the bolts are madeslightly oblong. The length of the pipe is generally about 9 feetover the flanges, and the body is strengthened with two or moreraised rings cast on.