young’s TRAVELS IN FRANCE.

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height, pafies again along the wall, in the fame manner as canals are cafrried underroads in Piedmont, &c. The wheel has double fellies, for giving water on both Tidesinto troughs, which unite in the fame receiver, and the walhers for giving the motionare placed between the fellies. The whole apparatus complete, cod three hundredzecchini.

To Vicenza . —There are in this tra£t of country fome perennial meadows watered,quite upon a level, which have a very good afpefl: the exigence of fuch (hould make usquedion the propriety of the Lodizan fydem of ploughing, where water is fo regularlyat command.

Padua. —The country from Vicenza to this city, is not watered like many other dif-tritts of Lombardy . The practice is very well known; and there are rice-groundsabout Padua, but not nearly the ufe made of water which is found in the Milanefe ; yetthe rivers in the Venetian date belong to the prince, as well as in other parts of Italy ,and v'ater is confequently to be bought: but there is not the fame right to conduct it atwill, and confequently the water itfelf might almod as well not exid.

To Venice. —In this lra£t I faw no irrigation, though the whole is very low, and quitelevel.

Venice. —The fame admirable law that takes place in the Milanefe, for enabling everyman to condudt water where he pleafes, is found in the Venetian date alfo, contrary tomy information at Padua ; but fo many forms are necelfary, and the perfon who at-tempts it mult fight his way through fo much expenfive litigation, that it is a dead letter,and nothing done in confequence. I was farther told, that it is a principle of the Ve-netian code, that not only all rivers, but even fprings, and rain itfelf, belongs to thePrince : an idea worthy of this Item and tyrannical government.

Ecclesiastical State.— Bologna . —I faw no watered lands.

Tuscany . —I faw no irrigation in Tufcany ; and from the intelligence I received,have reafon to believe, that the quantity is not confiderable; fome meadows, hou'ever,are watered after mov'ing. The bed methods I heard of, are about Poggio, Caiana,Villa Sovrana, ten miles from Florence.

Dutchy of Modena . —The quantity cf irrigated land in the Modenefe, is butfmall; it does not amount to more than fix biolche in eighty, nor have they more thanfifteen perpetual water-mills in the whole territory. From Modena to Reggio, there isa fprinkling of thefe meadows, the canals for which, taken from the Lecchia, are notlarge; all, whether watered or not, are manuring with black well rotted compoft, andhave a very neat countenance.

Dutchy of Parma. —The country from Reggio to Parma is not without watering,but the quantity is inconfiderable; there is, in this line of country, a great inferiority tothat from Modena to Reggio, not the fame neatnefs nor attention in any refpeft ; thereare mole-cads in the meadows, a thing unfeen before; and though there are much cattleand fheep, yet the features of the hufbandry are worfe. From Parma to Firenzuola,not an hundredth part of the country irrigated, yet there is a good deal of grafs, and infome places in large pieces.

Piedmont.— Pavefe , SsV.—For fome miles in the Sardinian territories, there are agood many meadows, but very few watered. I pafled two fmall channels of irrigation,but the quantity was inconfiderable. If a map of thefe countries be examined, there isthe appearance of many rivers defeending from the Appfenines, and falling into the Po,but the ufe made of them is fmall. It is remarkable that all the way by Tortona , Alex-andria, &c. to Turin , the quantity of irrigation, till almod clofe to the lad mentionedcity, is quite inconfiderable, not one acre perhaps in a thoufand. What an idea can be\

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