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bute it, if not to general bad management, united with the execrable fyftem of incum-bering their fields with pollards and vines. They fteep their wheat feed in lime-watertwelve hours, to prevent the fmut.
Vicenza .—The thirty-two miles from Verona hither are all, except a fmall quantityof irrigated land, lined into the fame rows as already defcribed, from twenty-five tothirty yards afunder. Wheat is fown clofe under them •, but with maize fix yards areleft on each fide not cropped ; and, in fome pieces, thofe twelve yards are fown thickfor forage, as not equally wanting fun ; a fure proof that they admit the damage of thetrees, and provide again!! it as well as they can. In fome grounds preparing for wheat,manure is fpread as far as the roots of the trees extend, but no further. What afyftem, to give dung to elms and maples, and to force wheat to grow under theirfhade!
Wheat has now (October 23.) been fown a month or fix weeks; it is high, andthick enough to hide a hare. The borders of thefe fown lands are dug clean away, asdeeply as in Eflex.
Maize produces about nine one-half facchi the campo. Inquiring here into the efti-mated damage refulting to corn from the plantations of trees in arable land, I v'as told,that the lofs in one-tenth of wheat, and one-half of maize, but to clover none. Thetrees here are all walnuts, for training vines to, the damage done by them, agreed to bevery confiderable. Of wheat they fow three ffari, and the produce eighteen to twenty ;of maize one, and the crop thirty to thirty-five ; of cinquantino, half a ftara, producefixteen; of buck-wheat one-fourth, the return fix. In the farms around the celebratedRotunda, maize produces five facks, each one hundred and fifty pounds : afack is fourHari, and the ftara about three pecks ; this is fifteen bufhels, and not fixteen, the acre.They are fometimes troubled with the fmut; Sig. de Boning, Prefident of the Academyof Agriculture, has tried liming and lime water, as a prevention, but without any fuc-cefs. Of maize they have a new fort, that carries a male flower on the top of the cone,and this fort always fills with grain to the very point, which is not the cafe with otherkinds.
In refpefl: to the exhaufting quality of crops, they reckon that the maize whichcarries the flower at top takes molt from the land: 2. millet: 3. common maize:4. wheat. It feems remarkable, that they fliould confider the crops which are prepa-ratory to wheat as exhaufting, more than the wheat itfelf.
Padua .—Of wheat they fow three ftaji in middling land, two in fertile foils, and fourin bad ones, per campo : as the ftajo is equal to forty-one French pounds, and thecampo about one-tenth lefs than an Englifh acre, it makes three ftaji equal to two and ahalf bufhels per acre, which is pretty exactly the quantity we ufe in England. Thecrop is two mozzi on the beft land, and one and a half on a medium: each mozzotwelve ftaji: this is about fifteen and a half bufhels the acre or under feven times thefeed. Thus thefe wretched products purfue me through all Lombardy . Of maizethey fow three quarti, or three-fourths of a ftajo, but if planted two : the produce, goodfive mozzi, middling three, bad one. Of lucern (the quantity very inconfiderable) and ofclover they fow twelve pounds grojfo. This pound is to the French one as 9150 is to 9 219;this is between fourteen pounds and fifteen pounds per acre. Clover gives three carri,each one thoufand pounds at three cuts. Lucern four carri, at four or five cuts. Almollhe whole country is lined into rows of pollards, as already delcrfbed; yet they admit thatevery fort of tree does very great damage to all arable crops ; but to grals the mifchiefis not great.
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