young’s TRAVELS IN FRANCE. 613

reckoaed to yield fouv times over more nett profit than any other hufbandry, more eventhan watered meadows.

Vines.

Piedmont. — Antibes to Nice. —A fingular cultivation of this plant furrounding veryfinal! pieces from fix to twenty perches, trained up willow trees; and the fcraps of landwithin them cultivated. What a fun mull Ihine in a country where thick inclofures arecounted by perches and not by acres.

Cbentale to Racconis. —In rows at twelve to twenty feet, and appear like thofe of hopsin Kent, fupported on willow poles, twelve feet high, fome of which take root, buc areafterwards pulled up.

Chivafco. —Vines fattened from mulberry to mulberry, but not running up thefe trees,,only up willows, &c. that are between them.

Milanese. — Mozzata. —Half this country is lined w’ith vines, and it is- reckonedthat they will damage to the amount of one tenth of the produce : each pertica of vines,in a common year, will give fifty pounds of grapes, worth 6 livres the one hundredpounds of twenty eight ounces, hail allowed for; and of this half is the peafant’sfhare for the expence of culture. At Leinate I viewed fome wine-prefles, which areenormous machines; the beam of one is forty-five feet long and four fget fquare, andat the end where the fcrew is, a ftone of vaft weight, for which there is a paved holein the pavement, that it may keep fufpended ; the cuves, cafks, and all the apparatusgreat: the quantity of vines one thoufand pertica. The feeds of the preffed grapes arekept till dry, and then preffed for oil; the feed of the grapes that yielded feventyIrenta of wine will give ten pounds of oil : it is ufed for lamps. The poor people whobring their grapes to be prefled pay one-twelfth of the wine. Price at prefent 6 livresthe brenta , but only 3 livres for what is laft prefled. The firfl flow is trod out bymen’s feet. Common price 10 livres or 12 livres the brenta.

Venetian State. — Bergamo . —From entering the Venetian territory, nearVaprio,the country is almofl all planted in lines of vines, and the fpaces between tilled for corn.

To Brefcia. —This country, inclofed with hedges, befides which it is lined in ftripescfvines that are trained to low afh and maple trees, with mulberries at the end of everyrow; but the vines are not trained up thefe trees, though fattened to their trunks.

Vicenza. —The country, for thirty-two miles from Verona to Vicenza , except thewatered parts, which are not a tenth of the whole, is lined into rows of pollards, eachwith three or four fpreading branches, and at the foot of each two vines, many of themvery old, with Items as thick as the calf of a man’s leg ; and many of the elms, maples,&c. are alfo old. They ftand about a rod afunder, and the rows from twenty five tothirty yards, and around the whole mulberries. Where the vintage is not finilhed,the vines hang in feftoons from tree to tree, garnilhed with an aftoniihing quantity ofbunches of grapes.

Vines, near Vicenza , produce two majlati, each of two hundred and forty bottles, percampo • the price 16 livres the majiato ; the campo here is larger than at Verona, amount-ing to near an Englilh acre; this is about 17s. an acre, a produce very eafily lott inthe damage done to the corn.

Padua. —The fame hufbandry of pollards and vines continues hither. They reckonthat vines pay better than mulberrries; but in the diftri&s of Verona and Vicenza mulberries are more advantageous than vines. This does not correfpond with foil, forthat of Padua is deeper and richer, for the moll part, than the other, and therefore lefsadapted to vines. In converfation with Abbate Fortis, on the wine of the Paduan, &c.

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