young’s TRAVELS IN FRANCE.
627
It will not perhaps be improper to remark, under this head, that there is at Venice an inftitution appointed by the date, which, though not an academy, has much the fameobject, but with more authority, called the Beni Inculti. Their origin was about 1556,and in 1768 they added the Deputati di Agricoltura. I was informed, that they hadonce great power, and did much good, but that now there lies an appeal from theirtribunal to the council of forty, which is attended with a confiderable expence, and hasdone mifchief.
Sect. II.- Of Taxation.
Piedmont. — Chentale. —The land-tax near the town is 6 livres, or 7 livres per gior-nata per annum, on fuch land as fells at 800 livres to 1000 livres ; which may be calledabout one-fixth of the rent, fuppofing land to pay five per cent. The landlord, ofcourfe, pays his own capitation of 1 livre for himfelf, and every one in family ; and thetenant pays as much for his family, being more than feven years old. But what isabundantly worfe, he pays 25/ a head for each cow, and 50 f for each ox. Salt is a' monopoly : the ratio per head is eight pounds for every one in family, after five yearsold ; four pounds for each ox and cow ; and one pound for each Iheep and goat; andone pound more per cow for thofe that give milk: the price, 4/. the pound.
Turin. —No capitation in Turin . The entrees are 8 f. the brenta , fifty bottles of wine ;4 den per pound meat. Salt , 4/. the pound. Hay, 1 f. the rubbio, to the Hotel deVille, for lighting the city. No taxes except the entrees. The land-tax in common is4 livres thegiornata. Salt , eight pounds each ox or cow, and four pounds each goat,Iheep, or calf, at 4/.; and if they want more, the reft 2 f. the pound ; alfo eight poundsper head of the family. Capitation in the country, 1 livre per head, for all abovefeven years.
The following is a corredl Detail of the Revenue of the King of Sardinia , which in 1675amounted only to 7,000,000 livres. (306,250!.)
Cuftoms—excife and fait, .....
Land-tax, which is between feven and eight per cent.
Since 1781, the clergy their thirds of the land-tax,
Addition to the land-tax, for the Nice road,
Sale of demelne lands falling into the crown, -
Fees in the courts of juftice, -
Salt in the provinces of Alexandria and Novara,
F.nrollment of all public adds and contracts, ...Poll-office, - - .....
Lotteries, royal powder works, glafs-houfes, mines, falines, &c. about
Total, exclufive of the laft article,
Livres.
14,000,000
6,000,000
500,000
100,000
800,000
I 10,000
65,460
276,100
300,000
3,000,000
22,167,260
Sterling
£ i,i5 8 » 8l 3
* The following is another account; — Sale, - - 3 ’ 5 ° 4> z 33 h vre *-
Tobacco, - - 2,415,797
Dogana - - 2,377,673
Carried forward - 8,297,203
41a
Carnc