118
JUGLANDACEiE.
JUGLANS CINEREA.
Butternut. Oilnut.
Leaflets 11 to 17, oblong-lanceolate. Fruit oblong, acute, racemose ; nut 4-ribbedat the sutures, deeply sculptured into thin ragged plates, 2-celled at the base.
Juglans cinerea, Linnaeus , Spec. ed. 2, 1415 (1763). —Jacquin, Icon. Bar. i. 19, t. 192. — Moench, BdumeWeiss. 83. — Wangenheim, Nordam. Hols. 21, t. 9, f.21. — Walter, FI. Car. 235. — Willdenow, Berl. Baums.156 ; Spec. iv. 456 ; Enum. 979. — Castiglioni, Viag.negli Stati TJniti , ii. 263.—Borkhausen, Handb. Forst-bot. i. 754. — Poiret, Lam. Diet. iv. 503 ; III. iii. 365, t.781, f. 7. — Schmidt, Oestr. Baums, iii. 38, t. 161. —Muehlenberg & Willdenow, Neue Schrift. Gesell. nat. Fr.Berlin, iii. 388. — Michaux, FI. Bor.-Am. ii. 191. — Per-soon, Syn. ii. 566. — Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii. 347. — DuMont de Courset, Bot. Cult. ed. 2, vi. 235. — Stokes, Bot.Mat. Med. iv. 402. — Pursh, FI. Am. Sept. ii. 636.—Bigelow, FI. Boston . 230. — Nuttall, Gen. ii. 220. —Hayne, Dendr. FI. 163. — Elliott, Sk. ii. 622. — Sprengel,Syst. iii. 865. — Audubon, Birds , t. 142. — Spach, Hist.Veg. ii. 170. — Rafinesque , Alsograph. Am. 66. — Hooker,FI. Bor.-Am. ii. 143. — Torrey, FI. N. Y. ii. 180. — Die-trich, Syn. v. 312. — Darlington, FI. Cestr. ed. 3, 262. —
Curtis, Rep. Geolog. Surv. N. Car. 1860, iii. 45. —Chapman, FI. 419. — C. de Candolle , Ann. Sci. Nat. sdr.4, xviii. 16, t. 4, f. 45 ; Prodr. xvi. pt. ii. 137. — Koch,Dendr. i. 589. — Emerson, Trees Mass. ed. 2, 207, t. —Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 76. — Lauche,Deutsche Dendr. 305. — Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am.10 th Census U. S. ix. 130. — Watson & Coulter, Gray’sMan. ed. 6, 467. — Dippel, Handb. Laubholsk. ii. 320. —Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 76.
Juglans oblonga, Miller, Diet . ed. 8, No. 3 (1768). — DuRoi, Harbk. Baums, i. 332. — Moench, Meth. 696.Juglans oblonga alba, Marshall, Arbust . Am. 67 (1785).Juglans nigra , j3, Schoepf, Mat. Med. Amer. 139 (1787).Juglans cathartica, Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. i. 165, t.2 (1810).
Carya cathartica, Barton, Compend. FI. Phila . ii. 178(1818).
Wallia cinerea, Alefeld, Bonplandia, ix. 336 (1861).
A tree, occasionally one hundred feet high, with a tall straight trunk two to three feet in diameterand sometimes free of branches for half its height, but more frequently dividing, fifteen or twenty feetabove the surface of the ground, into numerous stout limbs which spread horizontally often to a greatlength, and form a broad low symmetrical round-topped head. The bark of the trunk is from threequarters of an inch to an inch in thickness, and is light brown and deeply divided into broad ridges,which separate on the surface into small appressed plate-like scales; that of young trunks and of thebranches is smooth and light gray. The branchlets, when they first appear, are coated, like the petioles,with rufous pubescence, which gradually disappears during the summer; and in their first winter theyare dark orange-brown or bright green, rather lustrous, slightly puberulous, covered more or less thicklywith pale lenticels, becoming brown tinged with red or orange in their second year, and then graduallylosing their lustre and growing gray. The leaf-scars are light gray, and made conspicuous by thelarge black fibro-vascular bundle-scars and by the elevated bands of pale tomentum which separate themfrom the lowest axillary buds. The terminal buds are one half to two thirds of an inch in length andone quarter of an inch in breadth, and are somewhat flattened and obliquely truncate at the apex.The two outer scales are coated externally with short pale pubescence, and when fully grown are aninch long and one third of an inch wide; they are often narrowed into broad distinct stalks, and arethickened and rounded on the back and acute at the thickened apex; the inner scales are longer andbroader, and are frequently obscurely pinnate, resembling the first leaves, which are an inch and ahalf long, with two or three pairs of small leaflets and thickened stalks widened from the base to theapex, where they are frequently half an inch across, and covered on the outer surface with rustybrown tomentum and on the inner with soft pale hairs. The axillary buds are ovate, flattened, rounded