THE COMMON HOP.

741

Botany.

* l *« fiv

Fig. 149.

trig

Gex. Char. — Dioecious. Males:—Calyx live-partite. Sta-e. Females : — Strobiles , consisting of large, persistent, concavescales [bracts], having a single flower inthe axilla of each. Ovary one. Stylestwo. Seed one, with an arillas. Embryospirally contorted {Bot. Gall.)

Sp. Char. —The only species.Perennial. Stems annual, long, weak,and climbing, scabrous. Leaves petio-late, three to five-lobed, serrated, veiny,rough. Flowers greenish-yellow.

Hab. —Thickets and hedges in manyparts of Europe . Indigenous [?]. Flowersin July.

Cultivation. —The female plant is cul-tivated in several counties in England,especially Kent, Sussex, Surrey, Worces-tershire, and Herefordshire . The thirdyear after planting it. generally comes intofull bearing. Stacking or setting the polesis performed in April or May. The gather-

tiumulus Lunulas.

® Tl

j’ rp' e male plant.

’ A *>e female ditto.

. V lc k' ln g takes place in September. The cones are dried in kilns;l ? len P ac ked in hempen sacks called bags or pockets. This]\ lon is called bagging (Loudon’s Encyclop. of Agricult.)s trob'l CRlPTION T _The a gg re g a te fruits of the Ilumulus Lupulus arefi, ' es °r catkins ( strobili seu amenta lupuli), in commerce termed hops.ire o c °nsist of scales, nuts, and lupulinic glands or grains. The scaleso Vate le enlarged and persistent bracts, which enclose the nuts: they are4r e s ’ Membranous, and at their base glandular. The nuts (achenia)^ lar d, nearly globular, and covered with aromatic, superficial,Po^ g^ a nds. The lupulinic glands or grains (commonly termed yellowor lupulin) are the most important parts of the strobiles. ByPfo C|1 ln S> robbing, and sifting, Dr. Ives ( Journ of Science, vol. xi. p. 205)Co, lc i r j fourteen ounces from six pounds of hops; and he therefore/ Biat dry hops would yield about a sixth part of their weight of^Ijl^ii b' rai us. They are usually intermixed with sand. When recentlyll ‘d from the living cone, the lupulinic grains are pyriform, andhave a peduncle terminated by a hilum. Their struc-ture is cellular. When dried (fig. 150) they are golden-yellow, somewhat transparent, flattened ; and present,on some point of their surface, the mark (hilum) of theirattachment to the organ which produced them (Raspail,Chim. Organ.) By immersion in ammonia or hydro-chloric acid, they emit a vesicle or tube somewhat ana-logous to the tube emitted by grains of pollen duringtheir explosion: this tube is formed at the expense of

> srain ’ the internal cells, which are drawn out through the

% d) ^Uu m(mag . hi]u)n

Composition. — Payen, Chevallier, and Pelletan,n - de Pftarm. t. viii. p. 209; and Journ. de Chim. Med. t. ii. p. 527)

150.

Jj^Pnlini,