ELEMENTS OF MATERIA MEDICA.
OS-1
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brought from South America by Pbppig, was found, by Reiche!, to be identicthe Huamalies bark.
Commerce. —It is imported in chests, never in serous. , ^ad s '
Essential Character— Coat thin and spongy; longitudinal wrinkles an cg i 0 ,itwhich penetrate to the cortical layers [alburnum, Bergen ] ; under-surface even ,rust-brown (Bergen ). aPl ,eir "
Description and Varieties. —This kind of bark presents very ^'^1 reI (; ne qui^ances at different ages, so as almost to defy arrangement. Some of the 0 tber9
might readily be mistaken by inexperienced persons for Crown baric, "'hi | ja vegreatly resemble white Loxa bark. The large flat pieces, on the other han , . ^known mistaken by an experienced dealer for what he termed K flimsy” Kemble th(,s !
Some of the finer quills ( Huamalies , simulating Crown Bark ) greatlyof Loxa or Crown Bark, but are paler externally, have fewer transverse c ^ 111smoother, or finely wrinkled longitudinally, and, when broken, appear nearly ( |, ethe interior. Another kind ( Gray-corky Humalies Bark) I have frequently f° u ra yishLoxa Bark of commerce. It occurs in larger quills, which have a whitish or , ® ]a y becorky or spongy epidermis, which is striated or furrowed longitudinallyi an ^Jch,removed by the nail. On some of the pieces we observe rustly-coloured ' Viir ’ ffrite-when numerous, are disposed in irregular longitudinal lines. A flat variety ( ^icbverrucous Huamalies Bark) has a whitish epidermis, with large red warts, . s e ,-rU'the epidermis has been removed. Another kind (Rusty Huamilies; Quinquin^ rl)S tygineux, Guibourt) is in quills or flat pieces, distinguished by the ochre-rei ^ gV „\ta-colour of its outer surface, the presence of warts, arranged for the most p art °dinally, and the almost total absence of transverse cracks. .. ii,nvi"-
Composition. —I am unacquainted with any analysis of this bark. The t0 ^ on0 f'are the quantities of Cinchona alkalies according to Von Santen (Bergen ,
Platte v.), Miehaelis, and Goebel and Kirst ( Pharm , Waarenk. i. C4):—
1 lb. of Bark. Cinchonia■
1. Fine and Middling-fine quills, and flat pieces (from
Thick warty quills, and flat pieces (from ditto)_ 75
Sorts (from Lima in 1803). 60
As No. 3 (another chest) rather heavy. 48
As No. 3 (a third chest) rather light. 05
Von Santen -
4.
5.
Miehaelis.
1st sort
0
0
0
0
0
Vi
28
;}4
28
0
. n 2nd sort. 48
{ 3rd sort.. 00
Goebel and Kirst (fine and thick quills of commerce). 38
Cryptogamia. —The following cryptogamic plants are mentioned by V° nas existing on this bark. . Mutt 1 ’
Lichenes - — Opegrapka enteroleuca ; Graphis duplicata ; Verrucana r tPorina papillata ; Pyremla discolor ; P.mastoideaj and P. verrucarioides; Ppunicea; Parmelia melanoleuca j and Usnea florida 8 Cinchonas.
/3. Yellow Cinchona Bark of English Commerce {Cinchond fAnglic , offic.)—In English commerce the term yellow cinchona r jq )t >lined to the quilled and flat varieties of Calisaya or regia bank- ^ eIl0 .French and German pharmacologists, however, include under this ^mination several of the yellow barks, with a white epidermis (see p- r ^ l0which in England are termed false or spurious yellow barks.yellow bark of English commerce occurs in quills or fiat pi^ 0 Jarg 6 * 1quills being, on the average, larger and much rougher than thequills of pale barks. The texture is more fibrous ; and the tasters ^bitter, and less astringent than of pale bark: the powder is oia . ” llU <lfawn yellow. The Calisaya or royal yellow contains both q uin - 0l icinchonia, but the first in by far the larger quantity. A strong^ ^eof this kind of bark produces a precipitate ( sulphate of Vane,addition of a solution of the sulphate of soda.