THE CATEGORIES OF ANALOGY. 279

and of the Kodentia, and between some of the family ofBombyces and of the Papiliones, etc.

Specific Analogies. If the characteristic features ofspecies be truly found in the relations which animals bearto the surrounding world or to one another, and in therelative proportions of their parts, and their ornamenta-tion, we cannot fail to find specific analogies resultingfrom these different aspects in animals belonging to dif-ferent genera, to different families, to different orders, andeven to different classes and branches. As far as theyare aquatic, animals belonging to different genera whichnumber terrestrial species also, have a certain analogywith one another. All animals living in pairs or in flocks,or isolated, may in this respect be considered as havingan analogy to one another, especially if they belong togenera in which different species bear these different rela-tions to one another. But it is in the proportions of theparts to one another in the species of different generabelonging to the same family or even to different familiesof the same class, and in the ornamentation of their sur-face, that we observe the most numerous specific analogies.Reference has already been made to the specific homolo-gies resulting from the relative length of the head, theneck, the tail, etc. But there is a specific analogy onlybetween the Zerda, a species of dog found in the interiorof Africa, which is characterized by the extraordinarylength of its ears, and those species of hare which live alsoin the desert, and have much larger and longer ears thanthose inhabiting the woods and marshes. This analogy isno doubt owing to the fact that under the conditions inwhich these animals are placed, they require a keenerperception of sound, and yet they belong to differentorders, though of the same class. This is therefore a spe-