2454

ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM.

PART III.

and fir tribe. When the seeds are sown in autumn, immediately after beinggathered, they sometimes come up the following year. Cuttings should bemade in autumn, of the wood of the same year, with a small portion of thepreceding year’s wood attached ; and they should be planted in sand, or in avery sandy loam, in a shady border, and covered with hand-glasses. Cuttingsput in in September will form callosities at their lower extremities the sameautumn, and should be protected by mats during severe frosts in winter: thefollowing autumn they will be ready to transplant. Layers may be madeeither in autumn or spring.

Genus IX.

rllU'JA L. The Arbor Vita!. Lin. Syst. Monce'cia Monadelphia.

Identification. Lin. Gen., 1078.; Reich., No. 1176.; Schreb., No. 1457.; Tourn., t. 358.; Juss., 413.;

Gaertn., t. 91.; Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 2.

Synonyntes. Thuya, or Arbre de Vie, Fr .; Lebensbaum, Ger.

derivation. From thyon, sacrifice ; in consequence of the resin of the Eastern variety being usedinstead of incense in sacrifices. Why it was called Arbor Vitae is uncertain. Parkinson says theAmerican species was presented to Francis I. under this name, and that it has been continuedever since, though for what reason he knows not. It was called the Arbor Vital by Clusius.

. Royle mentions that, in the East, the cypress is called the tree of life ; and that its berries, &c., are. considered a cure for all diseases.

Description, fyc. Narrow, pyramidal, evergreen trees, or large fastigiateshrubs; natives of Asia, Africa, and North America, and tor the most parthardy in British gardens. The species have been divided by Professor Doninto the following sections :—

1. Thujas verce. Cones oblong-compressed; scales consisting of a definite

number (4 or 6), coriaceous, smooth, with one tubercle under theapex ; two exterior ones shortened, boat-shaped. Seeds compressed,winged. To this belong T. occidentalis L., T. plicata Donn, andT. chilensis D. Don. In T. occidentalis the seeds are flattened, wingedall round, emarginate at the apex.

2. Biota. Cones roundish, squarrose ; scales indefinite in number, peltate,

woody. Seeds bellying, crustaceous, without wings. To this belongsT. orientalis L.

3. Cyparissa. Cones roundish; scales indefinite in number, peltate, woody.

Seeds winged at the apex. To this belong, T. cupressoides L., T.pensilis D. Don., and T. pendula D. Don.

§ 1 . 'Yliitjce verce.

I 1. T. occident a'lis L. The western, or American, Arbor Vita:.

Identification. Hort. Cliff., 449.’; Hort. Ups., 289.; Roy Lugd., 87.; Smith in Rees’s Cyc. No. 1.;Kalm Itin., 3. p. 389. *, Mill. Diet., No. 1.; Du Roi Harbk., 2. p. 455.; Blackw., t. 210.; Kniph, Cent.,1. No. 91.; Wang. Amer., 7. t. 2.; Willd. Arb., 383.; Baum., 504.; Sp. PL, 4. p. 508.; Michx. Arb.,3. t. 29.; N. Du Ham., 3. p. 12. ; Pursh FI. Amer. Sept., 2. p. 646.; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3.p. 226.; Rich, sur les Conif., p. 43.

Syn/i»itm£>9 Thilia ThpmiVir4sU PauVi "Pin ilRQ • Vila» f7tic ZJVp* 1 » Qfi . mhiin

• , utuic amtiiuciiij, vtuic uiant., niuic iu; » jc, j / . j geiiieiiit-'i j_,t;utrjisuauin, crCT. ; Aiuero ueVita, Ital.

Engravings. Blackw., t. 210.; Wang. Amer., 7. t. 3.; Michx. Arb., 3. t. 29.; Rich. Con., t. 7. f. 1.;our figs. 2312. to 2314.; and the plate of this tree in our last Volume.

Spec. Char., #c. Branchlets 2-edged. Leaves imbricated in 4 rows, ovate-rhomboid, adpressed, naked, tuberculated. Cones obovate; interior scalestruncate, gibbous beneath the apex. ( Willd.) A moderate-sized tree, orlarge shrub ; a native of Canada, and in cultivation in England since 1596;.flowering in May, and ripening its cones in the following autumn.

Varieties.

t T. o. 2 variegata Marsh., p. 243.; T. o. foliis variegatis Lodd. Cat., 1836;has the leaves variegated. There is a tree in the Horticultural