LIST OF REMARKABLE EARTHQUAKES
AND
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS,
FROM THE YEAR 18G0 TO THE PRESENT TIME.
1860-61.
Vesuvius was in almost continual eruption during the firsthalf of 1860, streams of lava flowing from the summit andsides of the cone in many directions, but in no case reachingvery far down the flanks of the mountain. During theautumn and early winter the volcano was comparativelytranquil; hut local earthquakes often occurred, mephiticvapours were evolved from many points between the summitand the sea, and on the 4th and 5th of January, 1861, thesea was observed to boil violently at some distance from theshore, indicating similar discharges of gases and steam fromthe bottom.
February (1861).—The volcanic island of Sumatra was visitedby a violent earthquake shock, accompanied by a great sea-wave. The small island of Singkel was almost wholly en-gulfed in the sea (probably a cone blown up by an eruptiveparoxysm).
March 20th.—A fearful earthquake occurred in SouthAmerica . The cities of San Juan, Mendoza, and San Louis