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Annos, the son of Ihllel, an Kplframiie, who succeeded Elon,A, M. 2846, and judged I-vael S years,
Abdon, the son of Micah , one of Josiah’s messengers, whowas sent to consult Iluldah tint prophetess.
ABDUCENT, or ABDUCTOR, in anatomy, a name givento several muscles, on account of their serving to open or pullback the parts to which they are lixed. See Ax atomy.
ABDUC TION, in logic, a form of reasoning, called by theGreeks anagoge; wherein, from a certain and undeniable proposi-tion, we itiler the truth of something supposed to he contained inthat proposition: thus in this syllogism,
AN hatever God has revealed' is certainly true:
Now, God has revea'ed the mysteries of the incarnation andtrinity:
Therefore, these mysteries are certainly true.
In arguments of this kind, it is always necessary to prove theminor proposition to he contained in the major, or undeniable one,otherwise the reasoning loses all its force.
ABKDNEGO, the name given by Nebuchadnezzar ’s principaleunuch to Azariah, one of the three* captive Jews , who were mi-raculously delivered from the tyrant’s fiery furnace.
ABEL, [San, lieb . t'anity.~\ the second son of Adam and Eve,who was a shepherd, and was killed by his brother Cain , from envyof the superior mark of divine favour bestowed upon him.
ABELICEA, the name of a very tall tree, growing principallyin Crete , called also Santalus Adulterina, and Bseudosanlahun.
ABEL-KERAM1M, a place beyond the Jordan, in the countryof tin: Ammonites, where Jephlhah defeated them.
ABKELINUM, an ancient town of the Hiperni, a people ofApulia, between Benevenluin and Salernum . It is now calledAvellino.
ABEL-M EliOLA, a city on the AV. side of the Jordan, near"inch Gideon defeated the Midianites, and which was afterwardsthe birth place of Eii-ha. Jerom places it 10 miles, whilst othersstate it 16 S. from Belhshean.
ABEL-M1ZRAIM, a place between the Jordan and Jericho,so named from the mourning of the Egyptians, at Jacob’s funeral.It was also called the threshing iloor of Atad.
ABELOITES, or ABELONIANS, in church-history, a sectof heretics, called also Abelians, whose distinguishing doc-trine was to marry, and yet live in professed abstinence, in imi-tation as they say of Abel . ’This tenet, according to some authors,they founded on that text, 1 Cor. 7. 29. Let them that hare teivex,oe ax though they had none.
ABENAS, a town of F ranee, in I.anguedoc, on the riverArdes-ch, Long. 4. 53. E. Lat. 44. 40. N.
ABENEI. GAUBY, a fixed star of the lirst magnitude, inthe south scale of the constellation Libra.
ABEN-EZRA, Abraham, a celebrated Rabbi, born at Toledo ,in 1099 . Iiis principal works are, Commentaries on the Old 'I es-tamem, which are printed in Bomberg’s and Buxtort s HebrewJVibles, anti Jt'sud J\(orn, a work (now vory ^oarco) intt*n<U % a torecommend the stuctv of the T.UuukI. His style is elegant andconcise. He died in’ 1174, aged 75.
ABEN-M ELLER, a learned Rabbi , who wrote a Commentaryon the Old Testament, in Hebrew , entitled, ’1he Perfection ojlicuuti:, in which he generally follows the opinion ot Kimschi.
ABfeNRADE, or AI’ENRADE, a jurisdiction in the duchyof Sleiwick in Denmark .
Abenrade, a town of Denmark , in Sleswick. It is seatedon a spacious open bay in the Baltic. Lon. 9.14. E. I,at. 55. 6. N.
ARENS, or ABENTZ, a river in Germany .
A BE NS 111' RG, or ABEN'SPERG, a small town of Bavaria ,situated on the river Abens, near the Danube . Lon. 11. 55. E.Lat. 48. 46. N.
ABERAVON, a borough town of Glamorganshire , 19 milesN. W. of Cowbridge . Lon. 3. 48. \V. Lat. 51, 35. N.
__ ABERBROTHlCK, or ARBROATH , a neat town on theK. coast of Scotland , in the county of Angus, 15 miles N. E. of•St. Andrew’s. Lon. 2. 39. \V. Lat. 56. 36. N.
ABERDEEN, a principal city in the north of Scotland , whichcomprehends two towns under that denomination, viz. the Oldand the New Town. The principal buildingis the King’s college,on the south side of the old town, which is a large and stately fa-VOLt.—NO. I.
brie. The chief public building in the new tow n, is the Martscha!collegc.There are about 140studentsbelongingtoit.lnboththe Mari -dial, and King’scolleges, the languages, mathematics.natural philoso-phy, divinity, &c.are taught by very able professors. The Marischalcollege has lessened its respectability-, by conferring medical de-grees on illiterate quacks, who imposed on the professors by forgedatt esiations. It is to be hoped, they will be more careful of committingtheinselvesfor the time to come. King’s has neverbeenso disgraced.
ABERDEENSHIRE, a county of Scotland , bounded on theN. W. by Banffshire , and the Deveron; on'thc N.and N. E.bythe German Ocean; on the S. by the counties of Kincardine, An-gus, and Perth ; and on the \V r . by Inverness-shire. Its lengthfrom N. E. to S. \V. is about 80 miles; its breadth not quite 30.
ABEREMURDER, Aberemurdrum, in our old law books,murder proved in a judiciary w ay.
Abcremnrder was a crime, that could not be atoned for bymoney, as most others might.
ABERGAVENNY, a well built town in Monmouthshire , 142miles. \V. bv N.from London . Lon. 3. 5. W. Lat, 51. 50. N.
ABERNETHY, John, an eminent divine, bom at Coleraine ,the 19th Oct. 1680. lie studied at Glasgow , took the degree ofA. M. and in 1708, was called to a congregation at Antrim, wherehe continued 20 y ears. A distention arising about subscribingthe Westminster confession, he incurred the censure of a synod,by taking a lead on the negative side, and was deserted by the ma-jority of his congregation: on this he accepted an invitation tosettle in Dublin, where he was much admired. He died of thegout, in 1740, aged 60, greatly esteemed for his candour and li-berality. Two volumes of his sermons were published in 1748,London : they were much esteemed, especially one of them onthe divine attributes. He published several other works on va-rious subjects, and left a diary of his life, which fully evinces thepeculiar excellence of his disposition and conduct.
ABERRATION, in astronomy. See Astronomy, Index.
Aberration, in optics. See Optics.
ABER YSTWITH, a town of Cardiganshire in S. Wales,-eated near the mouth of the Istwith. It lies 203 miles W. N. W.from London . Lon. 4. 0. W. Lat. 52.25. N.
A BEST A, or A VESTA, the name of one of the saerpd books ofthe Persian magi, which they ascribe to their great founder Zoroaster .The Abesta is a commentary on two others of their religious hooks,called Zt nd, ami Parend; the three together including the wholesystem of the IgnicoUv, or worshippers of tire. See Zend.
ABE TTOR, in law, implies one who encourages another tothe performance of some criminal action, or who is art and part inthe performance itself. Treason is the only crime in which abet-tors are excluded by law, every individual concerned, being con-sidered as a principal.
ABEX, or HABASII, a country of Africa on the Red Sea ,which bounds it on the E. Abyssinia and Nubia lie on the W.Egypt on the N. and the coast of Ajan on the S. It is 500 milesin length, and 100 in breadth. The inhabitants are Mahometan'.
ABEYANCE, ABEIANCK, or ABBAYANCE, in law,the expectancy of an estate or possession: thus, when a par-ondies, tlie fee of the glebe belonging to his church, is said to he inabey ance, during the time the parsonage is void.
It is a tixt principal of law, that the fee simple of all lands is insomebody, or else in abeyance.
ABGAR , orABGARUS, a name given to several of the kinexof Edessa in Svria. The most celebrated of them is one, who, itis said, was cotemporary with Jesus Christ ; and who, having a dis-temper in his feet, and hearing, of Je-us’s miraculous cure.*, re-quested him by letter to come and cure him. Eusebius , who be-lieved tiiat this'letter was genuine, and also an answer our Saviouris said to have returned to it, lias translated them both from the Sy -riac, and asserts that they were taken out of the archives of thecity of Edessa. Thoughthe letters are acknowledged to be spu-rious, by the candid w riters of the Church of Rome, several Pro-testant authors, as Dr. Parker, Ur. Cave, and Dr. Grabe, havemaintained that they are genuine, and ought not to be rejected.
AUGILLUS, John , surnamed Prester-Jolm, from the austerityof his life, obtained the name of Presire, or priest, lie attendedCharlemagne in his expedition to the Iloly Land; where it is pre-tended that he gained mighty conquests, and founded the empireof the Abvssines, called, th • empire of Prester John , lie is saidto have written the history of Charlemagne ’s journey into the Holy
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