ACC

15

ACC

ACCEPTILATION, A term of the civil law, importing theremission of a debt by an aquittance from the creditor, testifyingthe receipt of money which has never been paid.

ACCESSION, inlaw, is a method of acquiring property, bywhich, in things that have a close connection or dependence uponone another, the property of the principal thing draws after it theproperty of the accessory: Thus, the owner of a cow becomeslikewise the owner of the calf. It sometimes likewise signifiesconsent or acquiescence.

Accession, in medicine, denotes a fit, or return of some pe-riodical disease. We say an accession of the gout, but espe-cially of an ague, an intermitting fever, an epilepsy, &c. an ac-cession of madness; sometimes also a prophetical accession, acold accession, &c. Accession is frequently confounded withparoxysm: but they are different; an accession being the begin-ning of a disease, a paroxysm the height of it.

ACCESSORY, or ACCESSARY , in law, a person who isin anywise aiding in the commission of some felonious action.By statute, he who counsels, abets, or conceals, the committingof such an action, or the person who has committed it, is deemedan accessary. There are two kinds of accessaries, viz. before thefact and after it. The first is he who commands or procures an-other to commit felony, but is absent when it is done; for if liebe present, he is a principal. The accessary' after the fact is onewho receives, comforts, or assists, the felon; knowing him to besuch. In the highest crimes, as high treason, &c. and the low'-est, as riots, forcible entries, &c. there are no accessaries, butall concerned are principals. It is a maxim among lawyers, thatwhere there is no principal, there can be no accessary; so that itis necessary the principal be first convicted, before the accessariescan be arraigned. If, however, the principal cannot be taken,the accessary may be prosecuted for a misdemeanor, and pu-nished by fine, imprisonment, &c. Accessaries in petty treason,murder, and felony, are not allowed their clergy. A wife mayassist her husband, without being deemed accessary' to his crime;but not e contra. A servant assisting his master to escape, isreckoned an accessary; also furnishing others with weapons, orlending them money, &c. will make persons accessaries. Per-sons buying or receiving stolen goods, knowing them to be such,are deemed accessaries to the felony. Also if the owner of stolengoods, after complaint made to a justice, takes back his goods,and consents to the escape of the felon, he becomes accessary af-ter the fact.

Accessory Nerves, Accessorii, or Par AccessoriumW illisii, (socalled from Dr. Willis, the discoverer,) in anatomy,a pair of nerves, which, arising from the medulla in the vertebraeof the neck, ascend, and enter the scull, and pass out of it againwith the par vagum, wrapped up in the same common integu-ment; and after quitting them, are distributed into the musclesof the neck and shoulders. See Anatomy.

Accessory, among painters, an epithet given to such parts ofa history piece as serve chiefly for ornament, and might havebeen wholly left out; such as vases, armour, &c.

ACCHO, a city of Galilee, on the coast of the Mediterranean,32 miles S. of Tyre. It was rebuilt by Ptolemy Philadelphia,KiK ' called Ptolemais, now Acre.

ACCI, in ancient geography, a town of Tarraconensis , for-merly called Acti; supposed to be Guadix , to the east of thecity of Granada.

ACClACATURA, a term in music, which denotes put-

mg down with any interval the half note below it, and instantlvtakmg oil the —> - • ■ ’

finger winch has struck the lowest of the

_ __ »»«.> uinivn vuv, W1 U1C two

notes, continuing the sound of the other note till the harmony ischanged, *

ACCIALOLI, Donata, a man famous!

VimiroWn -■>-*•- '

honourable employments he

for his learning and thepossessed in Florence, his nativecountry, in the 15 th century. He wrote a Latin translation otsome of Plutarch’s Lives ; Commentaries on Aristotle’s Ethicsand Politics; and the life of Charlemagne .

ACCIDENCE, a corruption of accidents from accidentia.The little book containing the first rudiments of grammar, andexplaining the properties of the parts of speech.

ACC1DENS, or ACCIDENT. See Logic.

ACCIDENTAL, in philosophy, is applied to that effect whichflows from some cause intervening by accident, without beingsubject, or at least without any appearance of being subject, to

general laws or regular returns. In this sense, accident is op-posed to constant and principal.

Accidental Colours, in optics, are those which dependupon the affections of the eye, in contradistinction to those whichbelong to the light itself.

Accidental Point, in the old perspective, is that point inthe horizontal line, where the projections of two lines parallel toeach other meet the perspective plane. See Perspective.

ACCIPENSER. See Acipenser.

ACC I PITER, in the Linnaean system of ornithology, the nameof the first order of birds, the distinguishing character of w hichis, their having a crooked beak. Of this order there are 4 ge-nera, the vultur, falco, strix, and lanius, which see.

Accipiter, the hawk. The accipiter was worshipped as a di-vinity by the inhabitants of Tentyra, an island in the Nile, beingconsidered by them as the image of the sun; and hence we findthat luminary represented, in hieroglyphics, under the figure ofa hawk.

ACCISMUS denotes a feigned refusal of something which aperson earnestly desires. The word is Latin , or rather Greek: supposed to be formed from Acco, the name of a fool-ish oid woman, famous in antiquity for an affectation of this kind.

ACC ITU M, a town of Hispania Boetica, now Finiana.

ACC I US, the sirname of a Patrician family, at Rome , theancestors of Azo, E. of Este, from whom the various princes ofthe Brunswick family, and the illustrious house of Hanover, arelineally descended. See Azo.

Accius, Lucius, a Latin tragic poet, the son of a freed man,and, according to St. Jerom, born in the consulship of Mancinusand Serranus, A. U. C. 583. . Fie wrote on the most celebratedstories which had been represented on the Grecian stage; as An-dromache, Andromeda, Atreus, Clytemnestra, Medea, Mele-ager, Philoctetes, Tereus , the Troades, the civil wars ofThebes , &c. besides another dramatic piece, entirely Roman,intitled Brutus, and relating to the expulsion of the Tarquins.Two comedies, the Wedding, and the Merchant, have also beenascribed to him; besides other productions, particularly his an-nals, mentioned by Macrobius and others. Cicero, "Horace ,Ovid , &c. have spoken of him with much applause.

Accius, an orator, against whom Cicero defended Cluentius .

Accius, a poet of the 16th century, to whom is attributed,A Pharaphrase of Aisop’s Fables, on which Julius Scaliger be-stows great encomiums.

ACCLAMATION, in Roman antiquity, a shout raised bythe people to testify their applause, or approbation of their prin-ces, generals, &c. Such is that of Ovid , Fast. I. 613.

Augeat imperium nostri ducis, augeat annos!

The acclamations of the theatres, which were at first confusedand tumultuous shouts, became in process of time a kind of regu-lar concerts. When Nero played in the theatre, a signal wasgiven, and upon this 5000 soldiers began to cliaunt his praise,which the spectators were obliged to repeat. The honour of ac-clamations was chiefly bestowed on the emperors; but sometimesit was conferred on their children and iavourites, and on magis-trates who presided at their games. The Greeks were accus-tomed to practise acclamation, an instance of which is mentionedby Plutarch, in consequence of Flaminius ’s restoring liberty toGreece , when the shouts were so loud, that it was hyperbolical!) -said, the birds fell from the sky with the noise. Acclamationswhich were at first practised in the theatre, passed to the senate,and other departments of civil society, and were at length admit-ted into the acts of councils, and the ordinary assemblies of thechurch. Chrysostom checked acclamations of this kind, butAugustine received them very willingly. Sermons were ap-plauded with hands and feet, by leaping up and down, and ex-claiming “ orthodox,” and by shaking the loose garments, andwaving handkerchiefs. These were some of the ancient forms ofacclamation: of the Hebrews, “Hosanna;” of the Greeks Aya&>iTvxn, good luck; of the Romans, Dii te nobis servent, may theGods preserve you! One of the most usual forms was Sophos,repeated three tunes. Martial comprehends several other formsin this verse:

Graviter! Cito! Nequiter ! Euge! Beate!

Acclamation, in rhetoric, is a figure of speech, so called bythe Latins, and by the Greeks epiphonema.

Acclamation Medals, among antiquaries, such as repre-sent