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sent the people expressing their joy in the posture of acclama-tion.

ACCOLA, a person who lived near a place; in distinctionfrom Incola, the inhabitant of a place.

ACCOLADE, [Eat. from ad, to, and collum, the neck .] Aceremony anciently used in the conferring of knighthood. Someantiquaries suppose it to have been the embrace, or kiss, whichprinces anciently gave the new knight, as a token of their affec-tion ; whence the word accolade, q. d. a clasping or taking roundthe neck. Others will rather have it to be a blow on the neck.

ACCOLEE is sometimes used as synonimous with Accolade ,which see. It is also used in heraldry, in divers senses, when twothings are joined together, as two shields divided at the llanks ;they are said to be accolfie. It is likewise used in speaking oflions, dogs, and other animals, which have collars, or crownsabout their necks; as the lion in the arms of Ogilvy. English heralds ordinarily say, collared, or gorged with an open crown,instead of accoiee. Others use the term accoiee, when two keys,battoons, maces, swords, Ac. are saltier wise, behind the shield.

ACCOLT1, Bernardo, secretary to the republic of Florence,suruamed L’Unico. Pope Leo X. in 1520, created him princeof the stale of Nepi. lie wrote many pieces; among others, acollection of beautiful poems, printed at \ enice, in 1519 and 1553.

ACCOMMODATION, or ACCOMMODA TING, in geo-metry, is the fitting of a line or figure into a circle, &c. agreeably tothe conditions of the problem;and in philosophy, is the applicationof one tiling bv analogy to another.

ACCOMPANIMENT, in heraldry, any thing added lo ashieldby wav-of ornament; as the belt, mantling, supporters, &c. It isapplied to several bearings about a principal one ; as a saltier,bend, fess, cheveron, See.

Accompaniment, in music, denotes (he instruments whichaccompany a voice, in order to sustain it, as well as to make themusic more full, l'he accompaniment is used in recitative as wellas in song; on the stage as W'ell as in the choir. Sec. The accompani-ment, among the moderns, is frequently a different part or melodyfrom the song it accompanies. It is disputed whether it was soamong the ancients.

Accompaniment, in painting, denotes such objects as are ad-ded, either by wav of ornament, or probability; us dogs, guns,game, Sec., in a hunting piece.

ACCOMPLICE, in law, a person who is privy to, or aidingin, the perpetration of some crime. It is generally applied tosuch accessaries as are admitted to give evidence against fellowcriminals. By the law of Scotland, accomplices cannot be pro-secuted till the principal oll'enders are convicted.

ACCORD, inlaw, a verbal agreement between two or more,w here any one is injured by a trespass, or Other offence commit-ted, to make satisfaction to the injured party; who, after the ac-cord is performed, will be barred in law from bringing any new;k tion against the aggressor for the same trespass. It is safest,however, in pleading, to allege satisfaction, and not the accordalone; because in this latter case, a precise execution in everypart must he alleged; whereas, in the former, the defendant needsniilv say, that lie paid the plaintiff such a sum in full satisfac-tion of the accord, which he received.

Accord, hi niu-ir, [from ad to, and cor, the heart, fait, orfrom corde, a string, Fr.] ’The production, mixture, and rela-tion of two sounds, of which the one is grave and tlie otheracute.

Accord, in painting, is the harmony that reigns among theTights and shades of a picture.

ACCOUNT, or ACCOM PT, in a general sense, is used for allarithmetical computations, whether of time, weight, measure,inonev, Sec. Account is also used collectively, for the books inwhich'merchants, traders, and bankers, enter ail their business,trade, and bargains w ith each other. See Book-keeping.

Account or Accompt Books, in commerce, is used to ex-press the hooks which merchants, traders, bankers, Sec. use torrecording their transactions in business. See Book-keeping.

Account, in law, is a writ or action, which lies against aperson, w ho, because of his office, or business, is obliged to ren-der an account to another, but refuses to do it; as a bailiff, forinstance, to his lord. It is now seldom used.

Accounts, Chumher of, in the ancient French polity, a so-vereign court, answering nearly to our exchequer.

ACCOUNTANT-GENERAL, in the court of Chancery, anofficer appointed by act of parliament to receive all monies lodgedin court, and convey the same to the bank of England for bettersecurity. The salary of this officer and his clerks is lo be paidout oi the interest made of part of the money; it not being al-lowable to take tees in this oilice. Counterfeiting the baud ofthe accountant-general is felony, without clergy, by 12 Geo. I.c. 32.

ACCOUNTANTSHIP, the art of keeping and balancingaccounts. See Book-keeping.

ACCOUTREMENTS, in a military sense, signify the furni-ture of a soldier, such as puffs, belts, pouches, cartridge-boxes, Sec.

ACCROCIIE, in heraldry, denotes a thing being hooked intoanother.

ACCROCHING, in old law', the act of incroacliing or usurp-ing on another’s right; and particularly the attempt to exerciseroyal power, which was a very vague charge ami led to a multi-tude of constructive treasons. These are limited and defined bySlat. 15. Edw. III. cap. 2.

ACCUBATION, in antiquity, [from ad, to, and cuho, I liedown,] was the table posture of the Greeks and Romans; whencewe find the words particularly used for the lying, or rather, as wecall it, sitting down to meat. ’The Greeks introduced this pos-ture. The Romans, during the frugal ages of the republic, werestrangers lo it. But as luxury got footing, this posture becameadopted, at least by the men ; for as to women, it was reputed anindecency in them to lie down among the men; though afterwardsthis too was got over. But children did not lie down, nor ser-vants, nor soldiers, nor persons of meaner condition; but looktheir meals sitting, as a posture less indulgent. A low round tablewas placed in the ccenaculum, or dining-room, and about thisusually two or three beds, or couches. There were ordinarilythree persons on each bed; to croud more was esteemed sordid.In eating they lay down on their left sides, with their iieads restingon their elbows. 'The first lav at the bead of the bed, with hisfeet extended behind the back of the second; the second laywith the hack of his head towards (lie navel of the first, only se-parated by a pillow', his feet behind the hack of the third; andso of the third, or fourth. The middle place was esteemed themod: honourable. Before they came to table, they changed theireloaths, putting on what they called cccnuloria vestis, the din-ing garment, and pulled olT their shoes, to prevent soiling thebed. ’This posture is frequently referred to in Scripture.

ACCUBll’OR, an ancient officer of the emperors of Con-stantinople , whose business was to lie near the emperor. lie wasthe head of the youth of the bedchamber, ami had the ctibicu-laris and procubitor under him.

ACCUMULATION, in law, (he concurrence of severaltitles to the same thing, or of several circumstances to the sameproof.

Accumulation of arms, cuimtlatio armorum, in heraldry,is what the moderns call quartering of arms. Aisbet.

Accumulation of degrees^ in an University, is used forthe taking of several degrees together, ami with fewer exercises,or nearer to each other, than is allowed by the ordinary rules.

ACGU USED, in the Jewish idiom, w as synonymous with hang-ed, or crucified. Among them, every one was accounted accursedwho died on a tree, 'l’his serves to explain the difficult passagein Rom. ix. 3. where the apo.dle Paul wishes him-elf accursedafter the manner of Christ, i. e. crucified, if happily he might bysuch a death save his countrymen. The preposition «uo heremade use of, is used in the same sense, 2 Tim. 1. 3. where it ob-viously signifies after the manner of.

AC’CURSIUS, Mariangelus.a famous critic of the ltith. centu-. rv, bornat Aquilo in the kingdom of Naples. His Diulrebes, printedat Home in folio, in 1524, on Ovid and Solimis, are a proof ofbis abilities. In his edition of Ammianus Mareellinus, there arefive hooks more than in any of the preceding ones: and lie af-firms he had corrected 5000 errors in that historian, lie purgedhimself by oath, being charged for plagiarism with regard to hisAusonius ; it being reported, that he hud appropriated to himselfthe labours of Fabricio Varana, bishop of Cainerino.

ACCUSATION, [Lat. from ad, to, and cattmre, to plead.] mlaw, the charging of any person with a criminal action, in the nameof the public. Writers on politics treat of the benefits and theinconveniendes of public accusations. Various arguments are

alledged