BAG
365
BAJ
five-petaled ; capsule, four-valved, in which arc many roundishangular seeds. There arc two species.
B.'EOBOTRYS, in botany, a genus of the pentandria niono-gynia class and order. Calyx double ; outer two-leaved ; innerone-leafed, bell-shaped ; corolla tubular, live-clett; berry globose,one-cel!ed, growing to t he calyx ; many seeded. There are twospecies, natives ot Arabia Felix and Taima island.
ILL’l'ICA, a province of ancient Spain , so called from Bx’tis,a famous river ot ancient Spain , alterv.ards called 'J'artessus, andnow Guaualquivcr.
BrEIYLIA, anointed stones, worshipped by the Phoenicians ,by the Greeks bet ore the time of Cecrops , and by other barbarousnations. They were commonly of a black colour, and conse-crated to some god, as Saturn, Jupiter, the Sun, &c.
BiEZA, a city of Andalusia in Spain , ou a high hill, three milesfrom the Guaualquiver.
BA1TETAS, or BAFTAS, a cloih made of coarse white cot-ton thread, which comes from the blast Indies. That of Surat isthe best.
BAFFIN’S BAY, a gulph of North America , running N. E.from Cape Farewell in West Greenland, from 60° to 80° of N. iat.The existence of this bay is doubted.
BAFEO. a considerable town in the island of Cyprus , with afort binlt near ancient Paphos . Lon. 32. 20. E. Eat. 34. 50. N.
BAEWEN, a lake ot Sweden , in Sandermanland, containingnear 100 islands.
BAG, in commerce, a term signifying a certain quantity ofsome particular commodity ; a bag ot almonds, for instance, isabout 300 weight; of anise-seeds, from 300 to 400 ; of pepper,from 1 *. to 300 ; of cotton yarn, from 12 ‘ to 4 a, &c.
Bag, in farrierv, is when, in order to retrieve a horse’s lostappetite, they put in an ounce ot asa-feetida, and as muchpowder of savin, into a bag, to be tied to the bit, keeping himbridled for two hours several times a day ; as soon as the bag istaken oft', he will fall to eating. The same bag will serve a longtime.
Bag, in medicine and pharmacy, a kind of fomentation, pre-pared of proper ingredients, inclosed in a bag, to he applied ex-ternally to a part diseased, for present relief.
BAGAMADEB, or BAGAMEDR1, a province of Abyssiniain Africa ; so named from the great number of sheep bred" in it;meder signifying land or earth, and bag a sheep.
BAGAUD.E, or BACAUDrE, an ancient faction of peasants,or malecontents, w ho ravaged Gaul.
BAGAUZE, the name given in the Antilles to the sugar canes,■after they have passed through the mill. They are dried, andused for boiling the sugar.
BAGDAD, or BAG DAT, a celebrated city of Asia in IrakArabia, seated on the eastern banks of the 'Tigris . By many au-thors this city is very improperly called Babylon. The latter stoodon the Euphrates at a considerable dEtance. it is 250 miles N.by \V. of Bassora. Long. 44. 26. E. Lat. 33. 20. N.
BAGGAGE, in military affairs, denotes the clothes, tents, uten-sils of divers sorts, provisions, and other necessaries belonging toan army. Before a march, the waggons with the baggage aremarshalled accordingto tiie rank which the several regiments bearin the army; being sometimes ordered to follow the respectivecolumns ot the army, sometimes to follow the artillery, and some-times to form a column by themselves. The general's baggagemarches first; and each waggon has a ftag, shewing the regimentto which it belongs.
Baggage, in antiquity, was distinguished by the Romans intotwo sorts; a greater and less. The lesser was carried by the sol-dier on his hack, and called sarcina ; consisting of the things mostnecessary to life, and which he could not do without. Thegreater and heavier was carried ou horses and vehicles, and calledonera.
BAGLANA, BOCKLANA, or BUGLANA, a province ofIndostan, in Deccan.
BAGNAGAR, the capital of Golconda , seated on the riverNewa, 220m. N. \V. of Fort St. George, and as man-, E. of Goa.Lon. 78. 30. E. l.at. 15. 30. N.
BAGNARA, a sea-port of Naples, in Calabria . In this town,3017 people perished by the earthquake in 1783. Lon. 12. 2S.E. Lat. 38. 15. N.
BAGN AREA, a town of Italy , 5 miles S. of Orvielo.
vou. i.— no. 23.
BAGNERES, a town of France , so called from its hot mineralwaters. It,is seated ou the Adour, 10 miles S. E. of Tarb.
BAGNIAEACK, a large town of European Turkey, in Bosnia ,30 miles N. E. of Spalatro. I.on. 18. 10. E. Lat. 44. 10. N.
BAGNK), {Jxigno, lul. a bath.] a hou .,0 for bathing, s'.veatimt,and otherwise cleansing the body. Also, metaphorically, a homeof lead tame. In Turkey it is become a general name for theprisons where the slaves are inclosed, it being usual in these pri-sons to have baths.
BAGNOEENSES or BAGNO [-IANS, in church history, asect ot heretics, who in reality were Man ichees, though the v some-what disguised tlu-ir errors. ‘ They rejected the Old Testament and part of the New ; held the world to be eternal; aftirmed thatGod did not create the soul, when he infused it into tfie bod, ;and denied his prescience.
BAGPIPE , a musical instrument, consisting of a leathern bag,which blows up like a foot ball, by means of a port vent or littletube lixed toil, and stopped by a valve; and three pipes ortimes : the first called tire great pipe or drone, and the second thelittle one ; which pass the wind out only at the bottom ; the thudhas a reed, and is played on by compressing the bag under thearm, when full; and opening or stopping tire holes, which areeight, w ith the lingers. The peculiarity of the bagpipe, and fromwhich it takes its name, is, that the air which blows it is collectedinto a leathern bag, from whence it > pressed out by the arm intothe pipes. These pipes consist of a bass, and tenor, or rather tre-ble ; and are different according to the species of the pipe. Thebass part is called the drone, and the tenor or treble part thechanter. Bagpipes are chielly used in Scotland and Ireland . Inall the species, the bass never varies from its uniform note, andtherefore very deservedly gets the name of drone; and the com-pass of the chanter is likewise very limited. There is a considerabledifference between the Highland and Lowland bagpipe of Scotland ;the former being blown with the mouth, and the Tatter with a smallbellows: though this difference is not essential, every species ofbagpipe being capable, by a proper construction of the reeds, ofproducing music either with the mouth or bellows. The Irishbagpipe is the softest, and in some respects the most melodious ofany, so that music-hooks have been published with directions howto play on it.
BAGL'ETTE, in architecture, a little round moulding, lessthan an astragal; sometimes carved and enriched.
BAHAMA, or LUCAYA Islands, the easternmost of the An-tilles, lying in the Atlantic ocean , situated to the S. of Carolina.They extend along the coast of Florida down to the isle of Cuba .
BAH A It, a country of Indostan Proper, \V. oi Bengal. Patna isthe capital .
Bahar, or Barre, in commerce, weights used in several placesin the East Indies. The great bahar, with which they weiithpepper, doves, nutmegs, ginger, &c. and contains about 5241b.9oz. avoirdupois weight. The little bahar, with which tbev weighquicksilver, vermillion, ivory, silk, &c. contains about 4371b. 9oz,avoirdupois weight.
B AVI AREN, or BAIIEREN, an island in the Persian gulf .This island is chielly remarkable lor its pearl fishery. Lon. 49. 5.E Lat. 26. 10. N.
BAHIA he Todos i.os sanctos, the richest province ofBrasil, belonging to the Portuguese .
Bahia, or St. Salvador, is the capital of the above,
BAH US, a province of Sweden; also a strong tow-n of Swe-den , and capital of the province, 10 miles N. of GoltenburgliLon. 11. 40. E. Lat. 57. 52. N.
BAJA, BAIA, BAYJAI1, or BEGIA, a town of the kingdomof Tunis in Africa, supposed to he the ancient Vacea of Sallust ,and Oppidum Vaggense of Pliny . '
Baja, or Baya, a town of Hungary, on the Danube , 35 mile-N. W. of Iv-eck.
BAJADOR, a cape on the W. coast of Africa , S. of the Canaries.
BAJAZET I. emperor of the Turks, succeeded Ainuralh EA. D. 1373. He was a renowned warrior, but a tyrant. In thebeginning of his reign he was very successful. In 1393, he hadconquered all Thrace , Macedonia, Thessaly, and the greater partof Mysia and Bulgaria ; and in 1396, he brought an army of.300,000 men against Emanuel 11. emperor of Constantinople ,whom he defeated, and- slew 20,000 of the Christians, but me5 A wd hunt