'746

CHRONOLOGY.,

A.M.A. D.

in thtjsovevrigntv of tin; Arabs by his father-in-lawAbubeker, who Is called Caliph, i. c. successor,r.ostra taken by the Arabs.

46.37 633 Damascus taken from the Greeks bv the Arabs.

4638 634 Abubeker, the Arabian caliph, dies, and is succeeded

by Omar.

The city of Emessa taken by the Arabs on terms.

4639 635 The Arabs take the towns' of Kennesrin, Baalbec,

Arestan, and Schai'zar.

4640 636 Battle of Yermouk gained by the Arabs over the

Grecians.

4641 637 The Arabs take possession of Jerusalem.

The Arabs take Aleppo and Aazaz from the Greeks.

4642 638 The Arabs take Antioch, Tripoli, Tyre, Cxsarea,

Kamlah, tic. tie. from the Greeks.

4643 639 Severinus succeeds Ilonorms in the see of Rome.

Tlie Arabians wage war against the Egyptians.

4644 640 Alexandria taken by the Arabs after a siege of four-

teen months, and the library there burnt; uponwhich tiiey become masters of all Egypt.

John IV. succeeds Severinus in the Roman see.

4613 641 Ileraclius dies, and is succeeded in the Greek em-

pire by ids son Constantine.

Constantine dies after a reign of seven months, and issucceeded in the Greek empire bv IleracJeonas.Theodoras succeeds John IV. in the Roman see.

464G 642 Ileracleonas deposed by the senate after a reign of

six months, and is succeeded in the Greek empireby Constans, the son of Constantine.

4G47 643 Othman succeeds Omar in the caliphate of the

Arabians.

4650 G4G Martin l. succeeds Theodoras in the office of Roman

pontiff.

4651 647 The Saracens, or Arabians, conquer the whole pro-

vince of Africa.

4658 654 Moavias, the Saracen admiral, conquers Rhodes, and

throws down the famous colossus of the sun, es-teemed one of the wonders of the world. Hecaused it to be broken in pieces, and to be sent toAlexandria. It contained 900 camels’ loads ofmetal.

Eugenios I, succeeds Martin I. in the Roman see.

4659 655 Othman being put to death is succeeded by Ali in

the caliphate of the Arabians.

Vitalianus succeeds Eugenios I. in the Roman see.4662 658 The Saracens quarrelling among themselves, send to

make peace with the emperor Constans, to whichhe consents, and cedes to them the provinces theyhad taken, upon their engaging to pay him 1000Nummi yearly together w ith a horse and a slave.

4664 660 Hassan, the fifth calipli of the Arabians,began his reign.

4665 661 Moawiyah, the sixth Saracen caliph, and the first of

the famous Ommiyan dynasty, begins to reign.

4672 668 Constans dies, and is succeeded in the Greek empire

by Constantinus I’ogonatus.

4673 669 Adeodatus succeeds Vitalianus in the Roman see.

4674 670 The Saracens enter Africa, and commit most terri-

ble ravages, carrying away 80,000 captives.

4675 671 The Saracens mate a descent upon Sicily, de-

stroying every thing with tire and sword.

4676 672 The Saracens enter 'Inrace, and lay siege to Con-

stantinople ; but after an unsuccessful vigorous at-tempt, they return in September to Cyzieus; andcontinued for seven years to besiege it in the sum-mer, and return to Cyzieus in the winter.

46Sb 076 Donums succeeds Adeodatus in the see of Rome.

4681 677 The Greeks under Alorus Petronius and Cyprianus,

g’ain a signal victory over the Saracens in Syria,and kill 30,000 of his men. A peace soon afteris concluded between the two empires.

Agatho succeeds Donums I. in the Roman see.

4682 678 The Bulgarians, to the number of 100,000, cross the

Danube, and ravage the empire, but are pre-vailed upon by the emperor to retire under pro-mise of an annual sum being paid them.

A.M.A. IX

4683 679 Yezid, the seventh caliph of the Saracens, begins

his reign.

4687 683 Leo 11. succeeds Agatho in the Roman see.

Moawiyah 11 the eighth caliph of the Arabs. Mer-wan the ninth caliph.

4688 6S4 Benedict If. succeeds I.eo II. in the Roman ponti-

ficate.

Abdalmelek, the tenth Saracen caliph, begins liiireign.

4689 685 John V. succeeds Benedict II. in the Roman ponti-

ficate.

Constantine dies in the 18th year of ins reign, and itsucceeded in the Greek empire by Justinian II.

4690 686 Conon succeeded John V'. in the Roman pontificate.

4691 6S7 Sergius succeeds Conon in the Homan pontificate.

Justinian II. wages war against the Saracens andBulgarians.

4698 694 I.eontinus succeeds Justinian If. in the Greek em-

pire.

4699 0!43 Lazica betrayed to the Saracens by Sergius, the Ro-

man commander.

4700 690 The Saracens invade Africa, and take Carthage; but

John the patrician drives them out again.

4701 697 The Saracens again invade Africa, and force John

the patrician to fly.

4702 69S Tlie Greek emperor Tiberius, or Apsimar, begins to

reign.

4703 699 T be Saracens again break into tlie Greek empire, and

be-nege, take, and fortify Mopsuestia in Cilicia.

4705 701 John VI. succeeds Sergius in tlie office of Roman

bishop.

4706 702 Armenia taken by the Saracens.

4709 705 Justinian If. restored to tlie Greek empire.

V aled, tiie eleventh calipli of tlie Arabs, begins toreign.

John VII. succeeds John VI. in the Roman see.

Spain partly conquered by the Saracens.

4712 708 Sisinnius succeeds John Vll. in the Roman pontifi-

cate,, who only holding it twenty days, is suc-ceeded by Constantine.

4716 712 The Bulgarians over-run Thrace, and return home

Without molestation, and laden with spoil.

Philip Bardanes succeeds Justinian II. in the Greekempire.

4717 713 The Bulgarians again ravage Thrace, and advance as

far as Constantinople, and return home without in-terruption.

Anastasius succeeds Philip in tlie Greek empire.

4718 714 Gregory- II. succeeds Constantine in the see of

Koine.

4719 715 Theodosius succeeds Anastasius in the Greek em-

pire.

4720 716 Solinian, the twelfth Arabian calipli, begins to reign.

Pergamus surprised and taken by the Saracens.

4721 717 Leo Isauricus succeeds Theodosius in the Greek em-

pire.

4722 718 Omar, with an army of Saracens, besieges Constan-

tinople by land, and Suphium and lzeth by sea,with two great fleets; hut after thirteen monthssiege, and losing most of their ships by storms,&c. they abandon the siege.

Omar 11. the 13th Saracen calipli, begins tp reign.

4723 719 Omar, the Saracen prince, raises a persecution against

the Christ,ans, because of his disappointment atConstantinople;' and forces as many as he is ableto embrace ^Mohammedanism.

4725 721 Yezid II. the 14th caliph of the Saracens, begins to

reign.

The Saracens ravage the coasts of Italy and Sicily ;but civil dissensions arising among them, they arcsufficiently employed at home.

4726 722 Ravenna taken and plundered by Luitprand, king ofthe Lombards.

723 I Ioseliani, the 15»h Saracen caliph, begins to reign.725 Leo, the Greek emperor, commands all images to be

removed

4727

4729