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Terra ;»the largest and last of the giants who conspired against Ju-piter.
ENCEPHALI, [tv, and xe?»>oi,] in medicine, worm; generat-ed in the head, where they cause so great a pain as sometimes tooccasion distraction. The encephali are very rare; but there aresome diseases wherein they swarm ; from whence we are told pes-tilential fevers have wholly arisen. Upon the dissection of onewho died of this fever, a little, short, red, worm, was found in thehead, which malmsey wine, wherein horse-radish had been boiled,could alone destroy. This medicine was afterwards tried on thesick, most of whom it cured. The same species of worms havealso been taken out by trepanning, and the patient cured. Wormsthat generate in the nose, ears, and teeth, are also called encephali.
ENCEPPL, in heraldry, denotes fettered, chained, or girt,about the middle, as is usual with monkeys.
ENCHANTER'S NIGHTSHADE, in botany. See Cir-
CJEA.
EN CHAR AXIS, [f Gr.] in surgery, the act of lan-
cing or scarifying.
ENCHASING, INCHASING, or CHASING, the art ofenriching and beautify ing gold, silver, and oilier metal work, bysome design or figures represented thereon in low relievo. En-chasing is practised only on hollow thin works, as silver punch-bowls, tea-pots, coffee-pots, gold or silver watch-cases, cane-heads,tweezer-cases, and the like. It is performed by punching ordriving out the metal, to form a figur ■, from withinside, so as tostand out prominent from the plane or surface of the metal. Inorder to this, they provide a number of tine steel blocks or pun-cheons of divers sizes; ami the design being drawn on the surfaceof the metal, they apply the inside upon the heads or tops of theseblocks, directly under the lines or parts of the ligures; then, witha small hammer, striking on the metal, sustained by the block,the metal yields, and the block makes an indenture or cavity onthe inside, corresponding to winch there is a prominence on theoutside, which is to stand for that pari of the iigure. "Thus theenchaser proceeds to finish all tlie parts by the successive applica-tion of (lie block and hammer to the several parts of the design.By this simple piece of mechanism, the artists represent foliages,grotesques, animals, historic.-., &c. with the most striking proprietyand beauty.
ENCI1 ELIS, in natural history, a genus of the vermes infusoria.Worm invisible lo the naked eye, very simple, cylindrical.There are lifteen species. Most of'them are described in Adam’sTreatise on the Microscope .
ENC11UYSEN, or ENCKI1UYSEN, a town of Batavia, inthe department of the Texel, and late province of N. Holland.It is 10 miles N. E. of lloorne, and 28 miles of Amsterdam . Lat.52°. 42’. N. Lon. 5°. 10'. E.
ENCHYMOMA, or ENCIIYMOSIS, in physiology, a sud-den flow of the blood, occasioned by any passion, such as anger,joy, a sense of shame, or the like. It is also used for that flow ofthe blood which occasions a continued blush.
ENCLAVE, in heraldry, denotes that one thing is let into an-other, especially when the piece, so let in, is square.
ENCLll ICS, or ENCLL11CA, [fynM-rove,] in grammar, par-ticles which are so closely united with other words as to seem partof them, as in virumque, &c. There are three enclitic particlesin Latin , viz. que, ne, ve: but there are a great many in theGreek, as ra, rs, jxk, fxoi, <ra, voi, Nc.
ENCOLAPTICE, [fyxoxawTixn, Gr.j in antiquity, the art of,)rass Pbites, and engraving inscriptions and laws on them.
LiSCRATlTiE, or ENCRA'l ITES, in church history, here-tics who appeared towards the end of the second century: theywere called Encratites, ®r Continents, because they gloried in ab-staining from marriage, and the use of wine and animal food.
ENCROACHMENT, in law, an unlawful gaining upon therights or possessions of another. It is generally applied to the un-lawful occupation of wastes and commons.
ENCYCLOPAEDIA , £ty*vxxi>araiJ««,] the circle of sciences;the round of learning; a term nearly synonymous with Cyclope-dia . Tire late learned printer, Mr. Bower, justly observes, thatthe preposition in makes the meaning of the word more precise:for Cyclopedia may denote “ the instruction of a circle,” as Cv-ropedia is “ the instruction of Cyrus,” whereas in Encyclopedia the, preposition determines the word to be from the dative of cy-clus, ‘' instruction in a circle.” And Vossius in his book DeVi-
tiis Sermonis, has observed " that Cyclopedia is used by someauthors, but Encyclopedia by the best.” Avicenna , the cele-brated Arabian physician , appears to have had the merit of beingthe flrst who compiled an Encyclopedia .
END for End, in the sea-language, is said of a rope that hasrun quite out of the block, wherein it was reeved.
ENDEAVOUR. Where one endeavours actually to commitfelouv, &c. he is punishable as for.a mi-demeanor; and an assault,with Intent to rob, is punished by transportation. Stat. 7. Geo.LI. c. 21.
Endeavour River, a river on the N. E. coast of New Hol-land, with a bar at its mouth, and not depth of water for vessels tosail more than a mile above the bar. Lon. 145. 12. E. Lat. 15.27. S.
1 Endeavour Strait, a narrow sea, between New Guinea , andNew Holland.
END EC AG ON, [from Evi-‘xns, eleven, and ywci, an angle,] ingeometrv, is a plain figure, consisting of eleven sides, and as manyangles.
teNDEIXIS, [fviujij, Gr.] in medicine, an indication of themethod of cure.
ENDEM1AL, ENDEMICAL, or ENDEMIC,peculiar to a country; used of any disease, proceeding from somecause peculiar to the country where it reigns: such as the scurvyto the northern climes. Quincy.
TINDICTMENT, or ENDITEMENT, a bill or declarationmade in form of law, for the benefit of the commonwealth; or anaccusation for some offence exhibited unto jurors, and by theirverdict found to be true, before an officer can have power topunish the same offence.— Cozvcl.
EN DIVE, or SUCCORY . See Cichorium.
ENDKIOPING, a small town of Sweden , in L T plaml, 40 milesW. of Stockholm .
ENDLESS SCREW. See Screw', and Mechanics.
ENDORSE, in heraldry, an ordinary, containing the eighthpart of a pule, which Leigh says' is only used when a pale is be-tween two of them.
ENDORSED, in heraldry, is said of things borne back to back, ,more usually called adossee.
ENDORSEMENT. Sec Indorsf.ment.
ENDOWMENT, in law' is the widow’s portion ; being a thirdpart of all the freehold lands and tenements, of which her hus-band was seized at any time during the overture. Of lands notfreehold, her portion varies according to the custom in differentplaces.
ENDYMION, in fabulous history, a shepherd, son of JEthliusand Calyce. It is said that he required of Jupiter to grant to himto he always young, and to sleep as much as he would ; whencecame the proverb of Endymionis somnum dormire, to express a.long sleep. Diana saw him naked as he slept on mount Latinos ;and was so struck with his beauty, that she came down from.,heaven every night to enjoy his company. Endymion marriedChromia, daughter of I tonus; by whom he had three sons, Peon,.Epeus, and/Eolus, and a daughter called Eurydice . The fable •ot Endymion ’s amours with Diana, or the moon, arose from hisknowledge of astronomy; and as he passed the night on some highmountain to observe the heavenly bodies, it came to be reportedthat he was courted by the moon. Some suppose that there were •two of that name,; the son of a king of Elis, and the shepherd, orastronomer, of Caria. The people of Tleraclea maintained thatEndymion died on mount Latinos, and the Eleans pretended toshew his tomb at Olympia, in Peloponnesus .
ENEMY, in law, an alien or foreigner, who in a.public capa-city invades any country, and who cannot be punished as a traitor,but must be subjected to martial law. An alien residing here, un-der the protection of the king’s peace, may be dealt with as a trai-tor, because he owes a (|ualified allegiance.
ENERGY, [iVEjjyna,] a term signifying (he power, virtue, orefficacy, of a thing. It is also used, figuratively, lo denote em-phasis of speech.
ENERGUMENS, in church history, persons supposed to be ■possessed by the devil, concerning whom there were many regu-lations among the primitive Christians . They were denied bap-tism and the eucharist, in some churches; but though they werounder the care of exorcists, they were allowed the public praversot the church, and were permitted to be present.
ENERVATION,