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great annual fast. Such was the zeal of those times, that nothing,no not the severest persecutions, hindered them from celebratingholy offices on this day. They were often beset and betrayed,and as often slaughtered in consequence of cruel edicts from theemperors, for whose prosperity they nevertheless offered up theirprayers. For this reason, when they could not meet in the day-time, they assembled in the morning before it was light. No tri-vial pretences were then admitted for any one’s absence from pub-lic worship ; for severe censures were passed upon all who wereabsent without necessity.
Sabbath-Breaking, or profanation of the Lord’s day, is pu-nished by the municipal laws of England. For, besides the noto-rious indecency and scandal of permitting any secular business tobe publicly transacted on that day in a country professing Chris-tianity , and the corruption of morals which usually follows its pro-fanation, the keeping of one day in seven holy, as a time of re-laxation and refreshment, as well as for public worship, is of ad-mirable service to a state, considered merely as a civil institution.It humanizes, by the help of conversation and society, the mannersof the lower classes; which would otherwise degenerate into a sor-did ferocity and savage selfishness of spirit: it enables the indus-trious workman to pursue his occupation in the ensuing week withhealth and cheerfulness ; it imprints oil the minds of the peoplethat sense of their duly to God so necessary to make them goodcitizens ; but which yet would he worn out and defaced by an un-remitted continuance of labour, without any stated times of recall-ing them to tlie worship of their Maker. And therefore the lawsof king Athelstan forbad all merchandizing on the Lord’s day,uuder very severe penalties. And by the statute 27 Hen. VI. c.5, no fair or market shall be held on the principal festivals, Good-Friday, or any Sunday (except the four Sundays in harvest,) onpain of forfeiting the goods exposed to sale, lly statute 2y Car.II. c. 7, no person is allowed to work on the Lord’s- day, or useany boat or barge, or expose any goods to sale, except meat inpublic, houses, milk at certain hours, and works of necessity orcharity, on forfeiture of 5s. Nor shall any drover, carrier, or thelike, travel upon that day, under pain of 20,s.
Sabbath Day’s Journey, a measure, among the ancient Jews ,of 729 English paces and three feet; or 2000 cubits; or 3648feet.
Sabbatical "Year, among the ancient Jews , or the year ofJubilee, was every seventh year; in which it was unlawful to tillthe ground, and ail slaves were set at liberty, unless such as lovedtheir masters so well, that they prelerred continuing in their ser-vice to freedom. There was also a grand sabbatical year held bythe Jews with uncommon splendor every 40th year.
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SABEANS, in ancient history, a tribe of Arabs , descendedfrom Sheba the son of Cush, or from Sheba, the son of Raamali,and grandson of Cush. They inhabited the country called Sabacr Sheba ; they carried off Job’s cattle, and were afterwards con-quered by Cyrus.
Sabeans, in ecclesiastical history, a sect of Christian heretics,ttho patched up a compound of Christianity,Judaism , Mohamme-danism and Paganism , into one hetorogeneous system.
SABELLA, a genus of vermes testacea : animal a nereis, witha ringent mouth, and two thicker tentacula behind the head : shellubular, composed of particles of sand, broken shells, and vegeta-Tu su bstances united to a membrane by a glutinous cement.1 here are 24 species.
^.bABELLl, an ancient people of Italy descended from the Sa-of'n S, i ° r ’ as . °f^^ rs say, of the .Samnit.es. They inhabited that part
S A y* between the Sabines and the Marsi .
e i j^^EDLI ANS, a sect of Christians of the third century, w\V r ? cei * the opinions of.Sabellius , They maintained, that t _tion- a / K ! l *’ e “°ly Spirit are only virtues, emanations, or fune-p llei ;’ “ le Deity ; and held, that he who is in heaven is the Fa-
child 0 * i "g s ’ that he descended into the virgin, became atdkh ’ l i was k° rn ^ er as a son > and that having accon.-aD • m y sll ' r y of our salvation, he diffused himself on theGhost** 1U ton 8* les hre, and was then denominated the Holy
kh’gdom of Africa , on the E. coast, hounded on they pnaia, it,, by the Mosambique, S. by unknown regions,
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and W. by Manica. It has gold-mines, and abounds with ele-phants. 1 he capital is Mancone.
Sabia, a promontory of Africa , in Tripoli, at the bottom of theGulf of Sidra .
SAB1ANS, an ancient sect of idolaters, who continue to thisday, and worship the sun, moon, and stars.
Sabians, a sect of Christians in Persia and Arabia, who callthemselves Mendai Jiahi, or Disciples of St.John, and who arestyled by Europeans Christians of St. John. They retainsome knowledge of the gospel; but their superstitious ceremoniesand frequent washings are supposed to be of Jew ish origin.
SABIE, a sea-port of Denmark , oil the E. coast of N. Jut-land ; 23 miles N. N. E. of Alburg. Lon. 10. 18. E. Lat.57. 20. N.
SABINA, a province of Italy, bounded on tlie N. by Umbria ,on tlie east by Abruzzo Ultra, on the S. by the Campagna ofRome , and on the VV. by the patrimony of St. Peter. It is 22miles in length, and almost as much in breadth.
SABINES, SABIN 1, an ancient nation of Italy , reckoned'among the Aborigines. Some, however, say they were originallya colony of Spartans, who settled in that part of Italy , Their ter-ritories were situated in the neighbourhood of Rome between theNar and the Anio, and bounded on the N. by the Apennines andUmbria ; E. by the dominions of the Aiqui ; S. by Latium , andW. by Etruria . -Their chief cities were Cures, Fidcir.e, Crtistu-merium, Collutio, Cornicuhim, Momentum, and Reate. Thegreatest part of tlie neighbouring nations were descended fromthem ; particularly the Sabelli, tlie Samnites, the Campanians,Umbrians, Osci, ,'Eqiii, Brutii, Hernici, Marsi , &c. They had ahigh character for chastity and purity of morals; as well as fortheir skill in herbs, &c.
SABiONCELLO, a town of Ragusa , 45 miles N. W. of Ra-gusa. Lon. 17. 40. E. Lat. 43. 20. N.
SABIONETA, or SABIONNETTA, astrong town of Italy ,in the department of the Upper Po, and district and late territory ofCremona, 20 miles E. of Cremona .
Sabionnetta, a late duchy of Italy , in the Cremonese, border-ing on Mantua. Sabionnetta was tlie capital.
SABLE, in heraldry, signifies black; and in engraving is ex-pressed by botli horizontal and perpendicular lines crossing eachother. Sables of itself signifies constancy, learning, and grief;and ancient heralds say, that when it is compounded with or, itsignifies honour; argent, fame; gules, respect; azure, applica-tion; verd, comfort; and pur, austerity. Alexander N isbetsays,that “ the duke of Anjou, king of Sicily , after tlie loss of thatkingdom, appeared at a tournament in Germany all in black, withhis shield of that tincture, sem6 de larmes, i. c. sprinkled withdrops of water to represent tears, indicating by that both his griefand loss.”
Sable, in zoology. See Mustela.
Sable, in geography, a town of France , in the department ofthe Sarte, and late province of Maine , 25 miles N. E. of Angers,and 135 S. W. of Paris . Lon. 0. 24. W. Lat. 47. 50. N.
Sahi.e, a barren island oi N. America , 35 leagues, or 115miles, S. E. of Cape Breton . Lon. 60. 0. W. Lat. 44. 15. N.
Sable, a river of New York , which rises in Elerkemercounty.
Sable, Great, a river of N. America , near the. Saranac,which runs into Lake Champlain from the \V.
SABLES, or SABLES D’OLONNE, a commercial town ofFrance, in the department of the Vendee , and late province ofPoitou; 31 miles W. of Lu$on. Lon. 1. 36. W. Lat. 46.30. N.
SABRE, a short sword with a very broad and heavy blade, isthick at the back, and a little falcated or crooked towards thepoint. It is the ordinary weapon worn by the Turks, who are saidto be very expert in the use of it.
SABURRA, in medicine, usually denotes any collection ofhalf putrid indigested matter in the stomach and intestines, bywhich tlie operation of digestion is impeded.
SAGAS, an ancient people of Scythia, who inhabited the countryE. of Bactriana and Sogdiana , N. of Mount Imaus.
SACiEA, a feast which tlie ancient Babylonians and otherorientalists held annually in honour of tlie deity Anaitis .
SACCADE, in tlie manege, is' a correction used to make a
horse