WE I
855
W E I
called pondus regis, and mensura domini regis, and are directedby a variety of subsequent statutes to be kept in the exchequer-chamber, by an officer called the clerk of the market, except thewine-gallon, which is committed to the city of London and kept>n Guildhall.
Weights, Chinese , are the piece for large commodities: it isdivided into 100 catis, or catlis; though some say into 125; theCali into 16 taels, or tales; each tael equivalent to 1-J of an ounceEnglish , or the weight of one rial and one 12th, and containing12 mas, masses, and each mass 10 condrins. So that the Chi-nese piece amounts to 137 pounds English avoirdupois, and thecadi to one pound eight ounces. The picol for silk containing 66catis and the baharr, bakaire, or harr, containing 300 cards.
Weights, late French . Different weights were formerlyused in most of the different provinces of France ; but they un-derwent a great alteration very early in the Revolution. Butknowledge of the ancient weights of that country is still of impor-tance on account of the books in which they are used. I he ParisPound contained i6 oz. and was divided two ways; thus,
1st.
4 Grains3 Penny-weights
2d.
8 Gros8 Ounces2 Marc2 Half-ounces2 Ounces2 Half-quarter lb.
2 Quarter-pounds2 Half-pounds100 Pounds
The weights of the first division are used to weigh gold, silver,a,) d the richer commodities; and those of the second for com-modities of less value.
Weights, Dutch. The weights used in Amsterdam and all°''er Holland , are called Troy weight, and are exactly the samew >th that used at Brussels. They are as follows:
Penny-weight,
Gros,
Ounce,
Marc,
Pound,
Ounce,
Half-quarter lb.Quarter-pound,Half-pound,Bound,
Quintal,
2 Deuskens2 Troyken4 Vierling32 As20 Angles8 Ounces
^be marc 'is equal, according to M. Tillet, to 4620 French grains. The Amsterdam pound used in commerce is divided into16 ounces, 32 loots, or 128 drachms.
Weights, East Indian. Tonquin has the same weights,Measures, &c. as China. Japan lias only one weight, viz. the^ati; which, however, is different from that of China , as con-taining 20 taels. At Surat, Agra , and throughout the states of'he Great Mogul, they use the man, or maund, whereof they,'ve two kinds; the king’s man, or king’s weight; and the mailSl, hplv; the first used for the weighing of common provisions,£?utaining 40 seers, or serres; and each seer a just Paris pound.,7 be common man, used in the weighing of merchandise, consists'kewise of 40 seers, but each seer is only estimated at 12 Paris ounces, or !■ of the other seer. The man may be looked upon asbe common weight of the East Indies, though under some dif-erence of name, or rather of pronunciation; it being called maoCambaya, and in other places mein, and maun.
, Weights, English . Mr. Renardson, in a paper published inPhilos. Trans, has proved, that at first there was but onew ei ght in England, and that this was the avoirdupois. Troy weighttr as introduced in the time of Henry VII : at present, both theSe °y and avoirdupois weights are used in England. Troy weight\vf' ns * lave l l el 'ived its name from Troyes, a town in France ,sj l' e re a celebrated fair was kept. It is used for weighing gold,tiihJ Unt * lic l uors - ^ be avoirdupois is used for weighing other
I. Weight, Avoirdupois, Table of, &c.rb Drachms = 1 Ounce,
16 Ounces = 1 Pound,
28 Pounds = 1 Quarter.,
4 Quarters = 1 Hundred,
•j,. 20 Hundreds = 1 Ton.
e avoirdupois pound is equal to 7004 gr. troy, the avoirdupoisy OL. iv.— no. 216.
oz. to 437.75 gr. and it follows of consequence, that the troy lb.is to the avoirdupois pound as 98 to 107 nearly ; for as 88 to 107so is 5760 to 7003.636 ; that the troy ounce is to the avoirdupoisas 80 to 73 nearly ; for as 80 to 73, so is 480 to 438. An avoir-dupois pound is equal to 1 lb. 2 oz. 1! dwts. 20 gr. troy ; a trovounce is equal to lOz. 1.55 dr. avoirdupois ; an avoirdupois drachmcontains 27.34375 grains; 175 troy pounds are equal to 144 avoir-dupois pounds. The nioneyers have a peculiar subdivision of thegrain troy: thus,
( GrainThe ) MiteJ DroitC Periot
into
' 20 Mites,
) 24 Droits,120 Periots,, 24 Blanks.
If. Weight, Trov, Table of, &e. usedBy the Goldsmiths, fyc.
24 Grains = 1 Penny-weight,
20 Pennyweights = 1 Ounce,
12 Ounces =
20 Grains3 Scruples8 Drachms12 Ounces
= 1 Pound.
By the Apothecaries.
— 1 Scruple,
= 1 Drachm,
= 1 Ounce,
= 1 Pound.
The English weights are still used in the United States of America.-Weights, Genoese . Two kinds of weights are used atGenoa , the peso grosso (heavy weight,) and the pesosoltile (lightweight): the latter is used for weighing gold and silver, the for-mer for other things. The pound of the peso sottile is equal, ac-cording to Tillet, to 1 marc, 2 ounces, 24 gros, 30 grains French .It is divided into 8 ounces, the ounce into 24 deniers, and the de-nier into 24 grains. The pound of the peso grosso is equal to1 marc, 2 ounces, 3 gross, 5 grains, French . It is divided into12 ounces:
= 100 ihs. peso grosso,
= 25 lbs.
= H lb.
= 64J- lb. of commerce of Amsterdam .= 129 marcs troy of Holland .
The marc of Vienna for weighing gold
and silver is divided into 16 loths, 64 quintals, or 256 deniers orpfennigs; the loth into 4 quintals, or 16 pfenings. This marc,according to Tillet, is equal to 1 marc, 1 ounce, 1 gros, 16grains, French, = 5831 as troy Holland . The pound of Viennais divided into 2 marcs, or 4 viertings; the mark into 8 ounces,16 loths, 64 quintals, or 266 pfenings.
Weights, Persian. In Persia they use two kinds of batmansor mans; the one called cahi or cheray which is the king’s weight,and the other batman of Tauris. The first weigiis 131b. 10 oz.English ; the second 6| lb. Its divisions are the rate!, or a 16th ;the derliem, or drachm, which is the 50th ; the meschal, which ishalf the derliem : the dung, which is the sixth part of the meschal,'being equivalent to 6 carat grains; and lastly, the grain, whichis the 4th part of the dung.
Weights, Portuguese . The Lisbon marc for essaying silverconsists of 12 deniers, and the denier of 24 grains. The marc ofPortugal for weighing gold and silver is equal, according to Til-Jet to 7 ounces, 3J gros, and 34 grains Frencii, which make 4776as of Holland ; so that it is exactly the same with the Lisbon pound. It is divided into 8 ounces, 64 outavas, 192 scruples,4608 grains. The pound consists of 2 marcs, 16 ounces, or 96outavas. The arroba of 32lb. the quintal of 4 arrobas, or 1281b.100 Oporto pounds make S7£th pounds of commerce of Am-sterdam .
Weights, Russian . The berckowitz = 400 lbs. The pound= 40 ihs. The pound is divided into 32 loths, or 96 solotnuks.-One hundred Russian lbs. = 166| marcs, or 82f lbs. of Amster-dam. One hundred lbs. of commerce of Amsterdam = laqjthlbs. of Russia .
Weights, Spanish . The marc of Castile, used for weighinggold and silver, is divided as follows:
1 _l ft rains (Void weight) = ■ 1
Grains (gold weight)
11 ij Grains (silver weight)i-r? Tomine (gold weight)10 H
Grain (silver weight)
= 1 r I online (gold weight)
~ 1 Tomine (silver weight)
2 Tomine