l o n

LOG

different Solutions: So that the Point which isto resolve the Problem may be indifferently ta-ken within a certain Extent; as suppose anywhere in such a line, within such a Plane Fi-gure, G?e. which is called a Geometries PIr.ee,and the Problem is said to be a locel or indeter-mined one. And this Local Problem may be ei-ther Simple, when the Point sought is in a Rightline, Plane ; when the Point sought is in theCircumference of a Circle, Solid ; when thePoint required is in the Circumference of aConick Section ; or lastly, Sursolid, when thePoint is in the Perimeter of a Line of the SecondGender, as the Geometers call it.

LOCH, or Lohoch, the fame with Eclegma.

LOCHIA, are the natural Evacuations ofWomen in Child-bed, after the Birth of theFoetus, and the Exclusion of the Membranescall’d Secundinx, or the After-birth.

LOCKER, in a Ship, is a kind of Box orChest made along the side of a Ship to put orstow any thing in.

LO CK 1 N G-lA 7 heci, fee Count-JA 7 beel, a Termin Watch-work.

LOCK-Sp;Y, a Term in Fortification, signi-fying the small Cut or Trench made with aSpade, to mark out the first Lines ot any Workthat is to be made.

LOCULAMENTUM, in Botanicks, is alittle distinct Cell or Partition within the com-mon Capsule seminalis of any Plant ; as thosewithin the Seeds of Poppies, O’c. by which oneParcel of the Seeds is kept distinct from ano-ther.

LOCUS, or the Place of any Body, is rightlyby Mr. Newton distinguished into Absolute andRelative. And so ought Space to be accounted :For the

LOCUS Absolutus or Primarius of any Body,is that part of the Absolute and ImmovableSpace, or extended Capacity to receive all Bo-dies, which this Individual one takes up. Butthe

LOCUS Relatives, or Secundarius, is that ap-parent and sensible Place in which a Body is de-termined to be placed in by our selves, andwith relation to other adjoining or contiguousBodies.

LOCUS Apparent, a Term in Opticks, feeApparent Place of any ObjeFl. ’Tis also in Astro-nomy that Place in which any Planet or Starappears, when viewed from an Eye at the sen-sible Horizon.

LOCUSTÆ, are the Beards and pendulousSeeds of Oats, and of the Gramina paniculate ;to which the Botanists gave this Name, fromtheir Figure, which something resembles that ofa Locult.

LODGMENT,in Military Affairs, is sometimesan Encampment made by an Army ; or oftener,it is a Retrenchment dug for a Covert or Shel-ter, when the Counterscarp or some other Postis gain’d : It is also taken for the Place wherethe Soldiers quarter among the Burghers, eitherin Huts, Baraques, or Tents.

LODGMENT of an Attacks , is a Work castup by the Besiegers, during their Approaches ina dangerous Post, where it’s absolutely necessaryto secure themselves against the Enemies Fire;as in a Covert-way, in a Breach, in the bottom

of the Moat, or elsewhere. This Lodgweconsists of all the Materials that are capab emake Resistance, vi\. Barrels and GabionsEarth, Pallisadoes, iVoolpacks, Mantelets, st%gots, &c. •_

LOG and Log-line. The Log aboard a His a piece of Board or Wood about 7 or 8m c .long, of a Triangular Figure, and with asmLead cast into it at one end, as will ^ crve t j )emake it swim upright in the Water; atother end of which is fastned a small long *called the . e Qt

LOG -Line, which is wound about a Reethat purpose, fix’d in the Gallary of the S 1 1This Line, for about 10 Fathom from d 1 ?- $!hath, or ought to have, no Knots or Db’se 0 Abecause so much should be allowed for th ebeing clear out of the Eddy of the Ship’s ' v ^ cbefore they turn up the Glass: But then ^Knots or Divisions begin, and ought to k e ‘least 5 o Foot from one another ; tho’ the cmon erroneous Practice at Sea is to have t»but at 7 Fathom or 41 Foot distance.

The Use of this Log and Line is to keep ^Account and make an Estimate of the SmUWay : For as many Knots as run out in an n ^Minute of Time, (which they measure mHalf-minute Glass) so many Miles do they ^count the Ship to fail in an Hour; or se :Leagues and Miles doth the run in a is if there be veered out 4 Knots in ^ $Minute, the Ship runs 4 Miles an HoUh5 Leagues and i Mile in a Watch. ,v t o

The Practice of heaving the Log, is » r . , t jclet it down into the Water, and then torun away so far as to be out of the EddyShip’s Wake; and then one having an . eIJminute Glass in his Hand, turns it up jufi . n ethe first Knot runs off the Reel; (tho 'turn up the Glass just when the Log touchy ^Water ) and then the Line running nan >^ c rwhen the Glass is out he cries, Stop ! Th c . ot sstops the Reel, and then they count the ^ aC ,run out; and if they can be so exact, aS rl incount the odd Feet, which the Line se al1 o0 j)tout above any Knot, they ought to aC5 Feet for a Tenth part of a Mile more - ^thus, if 3 Knots 45 Feet run out in annutc, the Ship goes at the rate of 3 Miles 9 1in an Hour. r i° l,s

Now tho’ this at best be but a P reC j 0 use,way, ’tis however the most exact of aso"and much better than that of the, Iffand Portugals, who guess at the Ship s ^|,ip sthe running of the Froth or Water by * toside; or than that of the Dutch, y L piU 11 'heave over a Chip into the Sea, and se ^ theber how many Paces they can ^ k i ie[ w eCl lDeck while the Chip swims orP a -i c A 0 *"-any two Marks or Bolt-heads on the h L cC otthe Ground and Reason of this 1 ra p,y th ekeeping an Account of a Ship’s sausegLog is this : , a pa ce >

1. That 5 of our English Feet ma ^ sechand 1000 of such Paces a Mile, an p)ep c£Miles a Degree, and consequently - e j. r o-would contain 300000 Feet. But i, 0 tb l °°neons on all Accounts; for diets ar D c 'Paces in a Mile, and ?z such A ugree. j. ® uC