Chap. VI. from the Conquest, to the Death of §LMary !.

1191. an Troops. The Reader may fee inM. Paris , the Manner in which theCamp of the Christians, at this Siege, wasformed.

This City was then in thePossession ofthe renowned Saladine, Sultan of Egypt,known inHistory for one of the most vali-ant and generousPrinces of hisTime.(z)

Many and bloody were the En-counters at this Siege, in which the twovaliant Chiefs, on either Side, Richardand Saladine, the most renowned War-riours of their Age, performed Wonders,and exposed their Royal Persons daily :But it not being my Design or Businessto give an Account of the Transactionsof this Siege, by Land, I must refer theReader to our Historians; and returnto the Sea-Service. To prevent anySuccours being carried into the City bySea, Richard had commanded his wholeEleet to lie at Anchor before it. TheInfidels being, nevertheless, so bold toattempt throwing in some Relief, withthe Help of their Naval Force, an En-Q e fiats the eagement ensued. In this Battle the

Enemy's*ket ;

English were so fortunate as totally torout the Enemy’s Fleet, and to take thegreater Number of their Ships, in which,together with great Store of Ammuni-tion and Provisions, they found a largeQuantity of Grappling Irons, tho’ as ithappened, they had very little Occasionfor them. For the more fatal and readyDestruction of the English, the Infidelshad, likewise, provided a Number ofVessels filled partly with Ignis Grcecus,{k) and partly with living Serpents: ButVictory declared so soon on ourSide, andthe Attack was so sudden and violent,that they wanted both Time, and Pre-sence of Mind, to put them inPractice.(Z)Several.S allies, and other Attempts,were made to raise theSiege, both beforeand after this, in one of which the FrenchMachines forBattery, being left unguard-ed, were burnt and destroyed; But allj proved ineffectual. Saladine, therefore,

tie city a feing himself deprived of all Hopes ofSuccour, surrendered the City to Ri-chard, on the twelfth of July, and soonNumb. II.

19

afterwards, this Monarch was declared 1191,Captain General of all the Christian Richard de*Forces in Asia. . [grtf

The Day after the City surrendered, rat,it was equally divided between the twoMonarchs of England and France, by ^ BartonPersons appointed,on each Side, for that Brompton."Purpose. The Conditions of Surrenderwere j (1.) That Saladine should, by a The Condi*certain Day, restore the Holy Cross. (2.) Lions of theThat he should set free fifteen Hundred trnn er 'Christian Captives. (3.) That the City,and all Things contained in it, shouldremain to the Christians. (4.) That theGarrison should have their Lives saved,if these Conditions were performed; Butotherwise not: And (5.) That they shouldpay twenty Thousand Pieces of Gold, to-wards the Charges of the two Kings.

Hackluyt and Holinsh. fay two HundredThousand Byzants, in which theyfollow Brompton, who likewise adds, tothe second Article, that besides thesefifteen Hu ndred Captives,Saladine shoulddeliver up two Hundred Christian War-riours, such as the Kings should chuse ;

And,in the thirdArticle,he specifies threeHundred Christian Captives, which werethen in the City, with all the Gold andSilver, Arms, Ships, Gallies and Provi-sions therein found. The same Authorfays, that, some Days before the Sur-render of the City, Saladine offered, if ma ^ ethe Kings of England and France would ^ a a ine ’serve him one Year against Mujle, theBrother of Noradin, and his Allies,who had seized all his Territories be-yond the Euphrates, and would leavehim in Possession of certain Places beyondthe Jordan, he would deliver up Jeru-salem, with the Holy Cross, and all theLands, Cities, Castles, and Ammuni-tion,which he, or his, had taken after theSurrender of Jerusalem, or five Yearsbefore: Or, if the Kings either couldor would not serve him, in that Expedi-tion, in Person, and would let him havetwoThousandWarriours, and five Thou-sand Horsemen, (Hoveden and othersmention a greater Number) well armed,for one Year, he would perform theF fame

lta ($Res (>) The Life of this great Prince has beenOffice Saiadi- lately translated into Latin , from Arabian Manu-b scripts in the Library of the University of Leyden,

and published there, under the Title of Vita &Res gefty Sultani Saladini , &c. See Extractsfrom this Translation i n the Bees, No. X. andNo. XIV-

a This Ignis Grœcus was a Composition ofur, Pitch, and other combustible Matters,which was so unextinguishable, that it would burneven in the Water.

(/) What sort of Ships the two Fleets werecomposed of, and in what Manner they fought, si

not so clearly described in History. This, how- p>. j ry an j e jever, we may gather from Circumstances, that pjist. de istheir Ships were chiefly a Kind of low-built Vessels, Mil. Fr.or Gallies, and not such high-deck’d Ships, as we Tom II.shall find came in Use soon after. We find like- T. xiv.wise, that at this Time, the Naves roftratœ of theGreeks and Romans were yet in Use. But what sortof Build, the great Ship was which Richard tookin his Passage, and which, for the apparent Large-ness of it, I called a Galeass, or Carrack, is un-certain, Both these Kinds of Vessels being, pro-bably, of a more modern Invention, as I shallhave Occasion to shew hereafter.