582

DYEING AND CALICO PRINTING.

remove the mordant, and the pieces are dunged and dyed. The pattern thenappears in white on a coloured ground. The so-called padding-flue is repre-sented in Fig. 36. It is a long vaulted chamber, generally 35 yards in lengthby 5 in width and 4 in height. At about half its length it is divided in two bysix arches, built transversely, which serve to preserve the main arch from theaition of the heat, and hinder the pieces, when dry, from being exposed to thea&ion of the moisture and acids disengaged, c c is the furnace, whose flueforms the bottom of the vault, covered with plates of cast-iron capable ofbeing heated nearly to redness, f is an arched passage communicating withthe interior of the stove, h h are ventilators in the bide wall, which can beopened or shut at will by the rod j. k k are cast-iron supports for copperrollers, fastened to the pieces yy, and serving to conduct the calico. 11 arebars supporting the fans, m m, covered with gratings, and revolving 300 timesin a minute.

Before the drying-flue stands the padding apparatus. Its trough beingcharged with the iron liquor, or red liquor, as required, the pieces of calico areconduded twice through it, and then into the flue. Their course is indicated

Fig. 36.

in the diagram by arrows. They are next printed with the acid mixture, agedfor two or three days, dunged and dyed. The following are some of thecolours commonly produced in this style:—

No. 1. Claret and White .—Pad in red liquor, at io° Tw. Dry, cool, padagain in same liquor, dry, cool, and print with the following mixture :—

Lime-juice, at 28° Tw. 1 gal.

Bisulphate of potash. 1 lb.

Strain, and thicken the clear liquor with—

Starch . 1 lb.

After printing, the goods are aged three nights. They are next fly-dunged ata boiling heat, washed, dunged again at 160 0 F. for thirty minutes, washed,dried and singed, washed, and dyed. For 12 pieces, 30 yards in length, thereare required—