;3
The interest possessed by this collection, which in- objects just described. Also to Mr. M. A. da Silva,eludes the useful minerals and the different rocks of (p. 1310), for the manufacture of lead for shot, of winch
Nassau , and the productions of the most importantmiuiug establishments, has induced the Jury to award aPrize .Medal to the Exhibitors.
We do not repeat the names of the minerals and rockscontained in this fine collection, and merely refer to theestablishments which have assisted to form it. Theseare as follows:—
M. Losskn, Iron* Foundry' of Michklbacii (2, p.1132), to whom the Jury awarded an HonourableMention.
Isabelles ii uttk Smelting Works near Dillenbvrg(3, p. 1132).
In this establishment, partly devoted to the preparationof nickel, arsenic is also obtained, and various allovs aremanufactured, especially German silver, composed of 8parts copper, 3 nickel, and 34 zinc.
Marble Manufactory of Dikz (5, p. 1132). Themarbles of Nassau , worked in this establishment, allbelong to the paheozoic rocks. They include fine blackvarieties, and others which are red, yellow, and grey.
The Greek Government has sent for exhibition aseries of specimens of minerals and rocks, marked in theCatalogue with the numbers 15 to 50 (p. 1400). Thiscollection, grouped according to the provinces, chieflyincludes a line series of marbles aud materials for con-struction, obtained for the most part from the cretaceouslimestones, either compact or crystalline.
We notice also puzzuolanas from Sautorin, emery fromNaxos, meerschaums from the environs of Thebes , audlithographic stones from Messina. The latter are of evengrain, and appear to be of good quality.
The Jury wish to make Honourable Mention of theGreek Government (pp. 1405, 1406), on account ofthe interest presented by the series of marbles, as wellas for the discovery of lithographic stone in that country,and also of Milo ( 15, p. 1402) for samples of steatite (thesoapstone, or French chalk of commerce).
E. Paris, of Bogota (p. 1430), has exhibited very fineemeralds from the Muzo mines, which supply almost allthe precious stones of this kind imported into Europe .These emeralds, which are all crystallized, are attachedto the parent rock, and thus possess a geological interest.An Honourable Mention has been awarded to Mr. Paris .
Among the objects sent to London by Portugal a largenumber of specimens of marbles may be noticed. Thereare two excellent series of these, the one exhibited byMr. J. de Figueiredo (120 to 231, pp. 130 l J, 1310), andthe other by Mr. Dejeant (232 to 257, p. 1310). All thespecimens are in squared or rounded slabs, ami polished.The colours are very varied, white and dark grey predo-minating ; but there are also fine yellow and deep andbeautiful violet tints. Almost all the marbles are crys-talline; but one amongst them is a very fine round slab,with specimens of ^ Chuma ammonia ,” in which the shellis preserved. These fossils, which are of a deep-greycolour, stand out from the marble, which is of a yellowishgrey ; and it is interesting to see them thus completelypreserved in a limestone of which the crystalline con-dition is so decided. The Jury have desired, as a matterof geological interest, to learn whence these marbleshave been obtained; but the localities are not indicatedon the specimens, and the person in charge of the Portu-guese exhibition has not been able to give any assistancein this respect.
Mr. Dejeant has also exhibited(110, 111, 115, p. 1309)lithographic stones of even grain and very compact.Similar stones are sent by the Duke of Palmella, andalso by the Royal Tobacco Contractors.
Honourable Mentions have been granted to the Dukeof Palmella. Mr. Dejeant, Mr. Dr. Figueiredo, andto the Royal Tobacco Contractors (p. 1309), for the
he exhibits a fine series (991 and 1U14\ and to the Pro-prietors of the Mines of Bracal ^1295, p. 1318), lorspecimens of lead ore and manufactured lead.
The Roman States have sent to the Exhibition atolerably large number of manufactured articles, but onlyfive or six persons have exhibited the productions of themineral kingdom. Of this small number the Jury havegiven Ordinary Mention to two, viz., the Count Rian-concini (1, p. 1285;., who has forwarded perfectly purequartz, sand, and other materials used in the manufac-ture of glass; and Messrs. Pasquali and DomenicoRinaldi ^2, p. 1285), who send a collection of nativeasphaltes, and the products of purification of this bitu-minous mineral.
The gold mines of Russia have yielded for some vearspast a revenue of nearly four millions sterling; but astheir working cousists of mere stamping and washing,the latter offering few difficulties on account of the highspecific gravity of the metal, this important source of1 riches to the country has little interest for science. Onthe other hand, the working of iron affords great varietyin tlie methods of proceeding, requires powerful ma-: chinery, and its manufacture, joined to the working of, copper, forms the principal part of the mineral industryof Russia . This fact has produced its effect in that part. of the Exhibition from Russia coining under the cogni-zance of this Jury, which is, indeed, to a great extent,confined to the objects sent from the iron-works, andchiefly those of the Government, namely—
; The Imperial Forges of Alexander, at St. Peters-' burgh.
The Imperial Foundries, for Cannon, at Olonetz.
The Imperial Steel-works of Zlataoust.
The Imperial Forges of Koushvinsk, of Gorob-lagodatsk, and ol‘ Kamexsk, situated in the Govern-ment of Perm,
I The Imperial Establishments of Nijne-Tourinsk,j Verkhxe-Barantciiinsk, and Verkhne-Tourinsk.i The Manufactory of Arms, of Zlataoust, Tat-; kinsk, and Tonisk.
: These works are supplied by metalliferous deposits,
! which are remarkable at once for the abundance and thej excellent quality of the ores. In this respect we may men-I tion, as of the first importance, the celebrated deposits of! magnetic iron ores of Goroblagodatsk, -which yield the' ores used by the works numbered 1, 7, 10, 11, and 12| (p. 1362, 1364, 1365), in the Catalogue.
| Among the principal articles obtained by the fusion of; these ores in the imperial establishments, we may mention,
: as having principally attracted the attention of the Jury,
! the castings for cannon, and the projectiles from the; works at Olonetz, the fine hammered and rolled irons ofVerklme, Nijne-Tourinsk, Verklme-Barantehinsk, anddifferent forges dependent on the group of Zlataoust.
Several remarkable productions prove that Russia nowprepares, with success, for its own consumption, the me-tals w hich it formerly exported in the unmanufacturedstate to foreign countries. Among these we may mentiondrawn, shear, and rolled steel, from the works at Zlataoust.
A scientific supervision has been exercised in the for-mation of these collections, which represent the operationsof the different establishments we have mentioned. TheJury have remarked with interest the series of mineralsand rocks accompanying the principal ores of the Uraland the Altai, and have wished to reward the care withwhich the collections have been prepared by granting aPrize Medal to each of the persons charged with theirreparation, Since, however, all the establishments haveecu described as “ Imperial,” it has only been possibleto award one Prize Medal to the Russian Governmentfor the whole of this interesting exhibition.
Among the establishments not belonging to the Go-; vernment which have sent samples of their productions' to London , the Jury liave remarked particularly the