436
the great number of scientific works form an importantbranch of the book trade. The catalogue of the Leipsiefair of Easter 1851 gives the titles of upwards of 4,000new books; and that of Michaelmas 1851 about the samenumber. In 1850, 16,783 cwts. (Zollverein standard) ofbooks were imported, and 24,897 cwts. exported. InPrussia alone there are 24 type-foundries, in which 244workmen are employed; in the Zollverein above 50foundries, employing upwards of 600 workmen.
The number of establishments in Prussia for book
printing and music is 574, with 1,154 presses, and 3,585workmen. Berlin possesses 53, with 198 presses, and934 workmen. The whole of the Zollverein , with theexception ofWurtemburg, Brunswick , and Frankfort-on-the-Maine , from which States the official accounts arewanting, has 933 establishments, with 2,085 presses, and7,062 workmen; so that when the returns from thoseStates are ascertained, not less than 1,000 establishmentsand 8,000 workmen will be the probable numbers. In1849 there were in the Prussiau dominions,—
Establishments for copper, storeoplate printing, and wood-cut printing 35, employing 112 men.Establishments for lithography ------ 414 ,, 1,173
Booksellers, print, and music shops -Old book shops (antiquure) — — —
Circulating libraries - - - -
Lithographic printing is much more on the increasethan the other branches of printing. Leipsie is thecentre of the Zollverein book trade, where booksellersfrom Germany and other countries assemble twice a-year,at Easter and Michaelmas, to confer with each other andbalance their accounts, Berlin is the seat of the RoyalAcademy of Sciences, with its own printing-office fordifficult and learned works ; the University , with itsmany scientific establishments ; the Royal Library, thegreat museum of art; and printing establishments are
- 739 „ 885 ,,
- — — — 87 ,, unknown.
- — - — 645 „ unknown.
found there in great numbers. There were, in that cityalone, in 1849, 8 type-foundries, with 110 workmen; 53establishments for printing books and music, with 198presses, and 934 workmen ; 17 establishments for copper,steel-plate, and wood-cut printing, with 64 workmen ;41 lithographic establishments, with 265 workmen; 121book, print, and music shops, with 141 workmen; 17dealers in old books; 43 circulating libraries.
The following official tables, prepared with great care,furnish valuable information:—
List of Paper-Mills , specifying the Number of Vats and Paper-Makers, together with the Number of Persons
employed in the Year 184G.
States of the Zollveretn.
Provinces.
Numlier ofMills.
Number
of
Workmen.
Number ofVats.
Prussia ------
Prussia - — — — — - — —
16
329
20
2
23
116
28
_
Posen - — — — — - — -
19
85
23
_
Brandenburg - — —
34
930
41
9
17
196
21
5
Silesia - —
76
893
86
12
69
8S0
84
9
68
1,037
83
1G
72
1,927
117
19
Total - — -
394
6,393
603
72
17
309
33
2
10
230
22
2
Palatinate - — — -
22
30)
—
_
Upper Palatinate, Ratisbon - — -
22
139
26
-
22
117
29
—
29
331
39
2
Lower Franconia, Aschaffenburg - -
29
173
68
i
25
272
50
4
Total - - -
176
1,884
267
ii
10
262
12
2
Leipsie - — — — — - — -
10
106
8
1
40
316
43
—
6
313
5
3
Total - - -
66
997
68
G
Grand Duchy of Hesse — -
Starkenburg - — — - — -
8
30
9
_
Upper JJesse ------
13
140
18
1
Total - - -
21
170
27
1
Electorate of Ilesse - - -
_ _ _
28
299
39
6
Baden - — — — — -
- - -
32
624
33
14
- - -
27
196
30
G
Parts of other States that partake
- - -
10
99
14
-
Thuringian States — - —
- - -
41
274
53
-
The accounts from 1\ urtemburg andBrunswick are wanting — — -
-
-
-
-
795
10,936
1,024
310