Chap. VIII.
57
its consumption of coals is about cwt. per hour, with a 40 feet lift; this engine work.*:at a pressure of 24 pounds, makes ten strokes per minute, and pumps up sufficient foreighty locks in 24 hours.
Mr. Jessop ’s estimate for the completion of this canal was nearly quadrupled ; the follow-ing are the lengths and lockage, as stated on the map which accompanied this report: —
Miles.
Furl. Ch.
Feet.
From the Oxford canal to near Braunston Mill
0
7
3-20
37 rise.
From Braunston Mill to the end of Long Buckby parish -
4
2
0-30
level.
From the end of Long Buckby to the end of Whilton parish
0
5
510
60 fall.
From the end of Whilton parish to Stoke
13
3
5-90
level.
From Stoke to the river Ouse -
6
4
4-10
112 fall.
From the river Ouse to near Marsworth -
25
1
6-
192 rise.
From Marsworth to near Cow Roast -
3
6
0-50
level.
From Cow Roast to Two Waters -
6
6
0*53
127 fall.
From Two Waters to near Langleybury
4
6
2-40
level.
From near Langleybury to the river Thames
23
6
5'60
268 fall.
90
1
3-60
There is a branch from Uxbridge to Paddington, level throughout and 20 miles in length,at which latter place is a basin 400 yards long, and 30 yards broad. The barges havegenerally square heads and sterns, flat bottoms, and carry 60 tons ; there are some with sharpheads and sterns, which carry 25 tons.
Grand Union Canal unites the Leicester Union about 4 miles from Market Harboroughto the Grand Junction , at Long Buckby.
Grand Junction Canal unites the Severn with the Bristol Channel .
Grantham Canals from the town of that name to the Trent Bridge at Nottingham .There are two reservoirs, one of 20 acres, and 9 feet deep, at Denton ; the other, of 60 acres,at Knipton, both executed under the directions of Mr. William Jessop .
Gresley Canal, from Apedale to Newcastle-under-Lyne.
Hartlepool Canal is a cut through the solid rock to a depth of 19 feet; its length is notmore than 300 yards.
Hereford and Gloucester Canal, from Hereford to the tideway of the Severn at Gloucester.There are tunnels at Hereford, Asperton, and Oxenhall; the first 440 yards long, thesecond 1320 yards, and the third 2192 yards.
Horncastle Navigation begins in the Old Witham river.
Huddersfield Canal connects the river Calder, between a bridge called Coopers, and theriver Colne to Huddersfield . Near Marsden there is a rise of 436 feet, made by forty-twolocks; here its summit elevation is 656 feet above the level of the sea. It has afterwardsa descent of 334 feet 6 inches, divided by thirty-three locks. The tunnel at Scout, througha sand rock, is 204 yards long, and that at Standedge, called the Marsden tunnel, is 5550yards in length, 17 feet high, and 9 feet wide, with a depth of water of 8 feet; each of thesehas a towing-path. Mr. Outram was the original engineer, but Messrs. Clowes & NicholasBrown were afterwards employed.
Hull and Leven Canal unites the Hull river with Leven Bridge.
Jveichester and Langport Canal connects these two towns.
Kennet and Avon connects the Kennet navigation at Newbury with the Avon, wherethe latter river becomes navigable to Bristol. This canal at its highest elevation is 474feet above the level of the sea. There are two aqueducts over the Avon.
Kidwelly Canal, from the harbour of that name.
Lancaster Canal has its commencement at Kirkby Kendal. The tunnel at Hincasteris 800 yards long, and that at Whittle Hills is 300 yards. The aqueduct of stone overthe Lune is 51 feet above the level of the water, and has five arches of 70 feet span each.At Barkmill, the Leeds and Liverpool canal crosses it by an aqueduct 60 feet high. Thereare two others belonging to the Lancaster canal, one at Garstang over the Wyre, theother at Bethorn over the Beeloo. This great work was the first of the kind undertakenby Mr. Rennie, and established his reputation as an engineer.
Leeds and Liverpool Canal, uniting these towns, is one of the boldest works executed,particularly for the time; its rise to the branch of the Bradford canal is 155 feet 7 inches.It soon after crosses the Aire by an aqueduct of considerable length, and again rises 88feet 8 inches. The Bingley locks at this place consist of five rises; and every boat requiresfive locksfull of water, which might be economised by dividing them. At Skiptou theelevation of the canal above the waters of the Aire at Leeds bridge is 272 feet 6 inches. AtGargrave it again crosses the Aire by another long aqueduct. At Rainhill Rock it rises411 feet 4 inches above the Aire at Leeds, which is its greatest height. At Foulbridgethe great tunnel commences, the length of which is 1640 yards; the height is 18 feet, andthe width 17 feet. Near the tunnel is a reservoir, comprising 104 acres, and containing