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HISTORY OF ENGINEERING.
Rook T.
1,203,000 cubic yards of water. At Barrowford. it locks down 70 feet, then crosses ColneWater by an aqueduct. At Burnley there is an embankment 60 feet high, and 1256 yardslong; and two aqueducts, one over the Broun, the other over the Calder : there is also aroad under the canal. At Gannah is another tunnel, 559 yards in length. Anotheraqueduct crosses the Henburn, and at Grimshaw Park there is a fall of 54 feet 3 inches,by six locks. An aqueduct passes Iloddlesworth Water, and at Cophurst Valley isanother fall of 64 feet 6 inches, by seven locks. Near Kirkless there are twenty-threelocks, which bring the canal down 214 feet 6 inches from the Lancaster canal to the Wigan basin ; from thence there is a fall to Newburgh of 30 feet.
The Lady's Walk, Liverpool, to Leeds Bridge , is 127 miles, and has a lockage of 844 feet6 inches, viz. from Leeds to the summit level 411 feet 4 inches, and then a fall of 433 feet2 inches into the basin at Liverpool, which is 21 feet 10 inches above the Aire at Leeds ,and 56 feet above low water in the Mersey.
To James Brindley and Robert Whitworth the engineering works upon this line wereentrusted, and the manner in which the whole were executed deserves the highest com-mendation. The locks are formed to receive boats 70 feet in length, and with 14 feet beam,and the least depth of water in the canal is 4 feet 6 inches. By means of its water con-veyance a communication is at once opened between Liverpool and Yorkshire , and agri-culture is benefited by it to a considerable degree.
Leicester Navigation -From its commencement, at the basin of the Loughborough canal,
to its junction with the Leicestershire and Northamptonshire Union canal, there is a riseof 45 feet; the whole was superintended by Mr. William Jessop .
Leicestershire and Northamptonshire Union Canal .—Where this navigation commenceswith the Leicester , it is 175 feet above the level of the sea. It rises 160 feet to the tunnelat Saddington, and falls into the Grand Union canal at Gumloy Hall.
Leominster or Kington Canal proceeds from the latter place at an elevation of 505 feetabove the level of the sea. It crosses the Lugg by an aqueduct at Kingsland, and byanother over the Rea passes the tunnel at Sousant, 1250 yards long, and unites with theSevern and the Staftbrd and Worcester canal. The tunnel at Pensax is 3850 yards long.
Leven Canal communicates with Kingston-upon-IIull.
Liskeard and Loe Canal terminates at Moorswater, 156 miles above the level ofthe sea.
London and Cambridge Canal has its commencement at Bishop Stortford canal; twelvelocks raise it 72 feet, and there is a tunnel 340 yards in length; ten locks then descendto a second tunnel, 418 yards in length. At about 13£ miles from its commencementis a third tunnel, 704 yards long ; the canal locks down by twenty-two locks the next12£ miles. Eight other locks occur before it falls into the Cam at Clavhithe sluice.On the Whaddon branch are thirteen locks.
Louth Canal commences at the sea lock in Tetney Haven, and terminates in the riverLudd.
Macclesfield Canal proceeds from the Peak Forest canal, and joins the navigation fromthe Trent to the Mersey; it is 29 miles in length, and passes from the north end of theHarecastle tunnel, to the Peak Forest canal at Marple; it is 32 feet wide at the surface,16 feet at the bottom, and 5 feet 4 inches deep. It continues to a little beyond Congleton ,a distance of 10 miles, upon a level, where it rises 114 feet by eleven locks, which occupy insuccession nearly a mile in length; the canal then proceeds on a level to Marple. Thedimensions of the locks are 84 feet in length, and 7 feet 6 inches in breadth.
As this canal crosses several deep ravines it was necessary to have ten considerable em-bankments, some of which are 80 feet in height. The aqueducts, whenever introduced, areof cast-iron. These works were executed in conformity with an act of parliament passedin 1825.
Manchester , Bolton , and Burg Canal has its commencement in the Mersey and Irwellnavigation, where there is a rise of 68 feet 4 inches by six locks. After leaving the Salford basin, and proceeding some miles, it again falls by twelve locks; it crosses the Irwell by anaqueduct near Clifton Hall, and again near Bolton:’ there is a third aqueduct over theRoach.
Market Weighton CVmaZlocks down into the Ilumber, opposite the mouth of the Trent,at the Fossdyke Clough.
Monkland Canal proceeds to Glasgow , where it joins the Forth and Clyde canal, at apoint 156 feet above the level of th&sea.
Monmouthshire Canal commences on the Usk river, near Newport : from Crynda I armto Crumlin Bridge the canal rises 358 feet.
Montgomeryshire Canal has a lockage of 225 feet from Llanymynoch to Newton, where itunites with the Severn . The branch from Garth Mill was made by Mr. Josias Jessop. andhas six locks, of 8 feet each ; it is 15 feet wide at bottom, and 6 feet deep : the Guibfieldbranch was by Mr. G. W. Buck.
Neath Canal commences near Abernant, and terminates in the river Neath.