MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
Outside the Building.
[United
1 14
0 Morphet, Jonathan, Studfolcl, near Settle —Producer.
Specimens of stone called blue flag, or Grauwacke .Obtained from Horton Wood quarries, which have beenworked probably about 100 years. This stone is prin-cipally used for cisterns and partitions, and is useful forcurriers’ tables, tanks, &c.
The quarries are about six miles from the Settle Stationof the North-Western Railway.
7 Greaves, R., Warwick —Proprietor and Producer.
Blue lias limestone, with samples of the lime in the
lump and ground.
Models in lias, Portland, and improved Roman ce-ment.
Blocks of concrete, made in lias, Portland, and Romancement, and ground-lias lime.
Brick-work cut from the Copenhagen tunnel in theGreat Northern Railway, and set in lias lime. Orna-ments cut and set in the same, to show the adhesivenessof the mortar.
Lias flag-stone, adopted for hall, church, and house-floors, being hard and dry.
Lithographic stones.
Floors in lias stone and lias cements.
[The beds of lias in many parts of England, consistingof carbonate of lime mixed with from 20 to 35 per cent, ofalumina, are well adapted for the manufacture of hy-draulic cements, and the nature of the clay greatly affectsthe value of the cement. Samples of the raw material,with various applications of it> are, therefore, of greatpractical importance. The lithographic stones from thelias are not unlike those Trom Germany, but they havehitherto been little used.—D. T. A.]
8 Old Delabole Slate Company (by J. Carter),
Camelford —Propiietors.
Slate slab, as raised from the quarries at Delabole.
Slate cistern for holding water, liquid manure, oil,acids, &c., capable of containing 2,000 gallons. If usedfor water for domestic purposes, a self-supplying filter isattached, so that the water withdrawn at the tap passesthrough the filter.
9 Stirling , J., jun., Belvidere Road, Lambeth —Designer, Inventor, and Manufacturer.Specimens of slate.—(See Class 1, No. 209.)
10 White & Sons, Westminster —Manufacturers.Illustrations of the strength of cement.—(See Class 1,
No. 130.) _
11 Seeley, John, Keppel Row, New Road —
Manufacturer.
Mercury, after Giov. da Bologna, in artificial stone.
12 Welsh Slate Company.
Barwis, W. H. B., Secretary , 1 New Boswell Court —
Producer.
Rough block of slate from the quarry of the WelshSlate Company, at Festiniog, Merionethshire.
Slabs of slate, sawn and planed.
Roofing and other slates.
The slates of Festiniog are of admirable quality, andobtained in slabs of very large dimensions, adapted to allthe more important uses of the material. The quarriesare extensive, and give employment to a large popula-tion.—D, T. A,]
13 Sinclair, J., Forse, Thurso, Scotland
Producer.
A cistern or bath of Forse-Rockhill flag. Samples ofthe stone, showing the natural surface, the half-rubbed,and the full-rubbed surface. Three portions of a passageof twenty-four feet long by six feet broad each, laid with
the same pavement, showing the three different kinds ofsurface.
The principal uses of the article are laying footways,courts, railway stations, floors of manufactories and ware-houses, kitchens, cellars, cottages, entrance halls, churches,See. When used with iron girders, it renders mills, &c., fire-proof, and is useful for farm buildings, and for cisterns,baths, manure tanks, troughs in chemical works, coping,for garden walls, &c. The pavement is found at the Forse-Rockhill quarries, four miles west from Thurso , Caithness,and it is there manufactured chiefly by machinery. It issaid to be of a hard, close, strong, and uniform quality,and impervious to wet. It occurs in beds of various thick-ness, from one inch to three or four inches, and from onefoot to eighty or a hundred feet superficial. The stonehas been worked for more than twelve years, and is sentin large quantities to London, Glasgow , and other towns.
[The Caithness flags are well known and much used forvarious economic purposes, chiefly paving. They arequarried from the middle division of the old red sand-stone (Devonian ) series, as developed in the north ofScotland . The schists yielding them are often darkcoloured and highly bituminous, slightly micaceous andcalcareous, and often resembling rocks of much greatergeological antiquity. Obscure vegetable impressions, andthe remains of extinct fishes, are very frequently found inthem, and these are often of considerable interest in thenatural history of the ancient inhabitants of our globe.—D. T.A.] _
14 Freeman, W. & J., Millbank Street, Westminster —Producers.
An obelisk in granite. Sundry large slabs and blocksof stone.
16 Struthers, William Samuel, 7 Holywell Street,Westminster —Manufacturer.
Slate water filter, the water being filtered in its ascent.
[The filtration of water by ascension is a simple me-chanical process, of considerable use in the arts, andcapable of many modifications. The cistern, in suchcase, is furnished with two perforated shelves or falsebottoms, between which the filtering medium is packed.At some distance above these is a third shelf, with awater-tight communication through the intervening cham-ber and the filter-bed, and opening into the bottomof the cistern. The foul water being let into the upperchamber, a cistern passes down into the bottom one bymeans of the tube, and is then forced up through thefilter-beds by the presence of the water in the column.The pure water is thus delivered into the interveningspace, whence it may be drawn off at convenience. Slateis an admirable material for cisterns of all kinds, from itsgreat strength, perfect cleanliness, and complete imperme-ability to water.—D. T. A.]
18 Sharp, Samuel, Commercial Road, Lambeth, Agentto Alexander Adam, Wick, N. Britain —Proprietor.
Rockhill paving stones, from the original quarries,shipped from the port of Wick, showing the differentthicknesses as they naturally arise in the quarries.
19 Furse, Thomas Wm., 96 High Street, Whitechapel —Inventor and Manufacturer.
Specimens of waterproof artificial stone, as applicablefor sewers and drains of large dimensions; for floor-ing churches, vestibules, public buildings, hospitals, anddamp cellars. Drains for railways, &c. Drop-stone.Cistern of the same, containing bricks united with fusible