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Class 1. — MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.South Side—Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
[Ukited
and when exposed to great heat it melts. It combinesreadily with grease, forming a kind of earthy soap, andfor this reason is valuable in the manufacture of clothmade of animal fibre.—D. T. A.]
48 Gawkroger & Hynam, 7 Prince’s Square,Finsbury —Manufacturers.
Fuller’s earth, and purified dried fuller’s earth, fromChart Lodge, Reigate, Surrey , and Cormonger’s Pits,Nutfield, Surrey .
[Fuller’s earth, and its localities in England, are abovedescribed. The following is the mode of purifying andpreparing the raw material for use:—
The fuller’s earth, after it comes from the pit, is bakedor dried by exposure to the sun, and then thrown intocold water, where it falls into a powder, and the finerparts are separated from the coarser by a method of wash-ing in several tubs, through which the water is conducted,and where it deposits the different kinds in succession.These are used for different kinds of cloth, the coarserpart for the inferior and the fine for the better kinds ofcloth. The soapy combinations formed by fuller’s earthwith the greasy portions of cloth during the process offulling, are supposed to serve the purpose of mordants insome measure.—D. T. A.]
49 Wilson, Sir Thomas Maryon, Charlton, Kent —Producer.
Sands and loams for casting, from Charlton, next Wool-wich; sands used for glass and house purposes fromHampstead.
50 Rock, James, jun., Hastings — Producer.
Lignite found in the summit tunnel of the Hastings andAshford railway, 1£ miles to the N.N.E. of Hastings ,about 90 feet from the surface, and 300 feet above the sealevel. The strata dip from N.W. to S.E. at ail angleof about 65 degrees.
Clinker, containing a considerable quantity of iron,from an ancient cinder-bank on the property of HerculesSharpe, Esq., Sedlescomb, Sussex.
Claystone , said to contain oxide of chromium.
Fine white sand, from Hastings cliffs.
[The lignite of the Hastings sand formation, nearHastings , has been long known, and corresponds in everyparticular with the lignites from Tilgate Forest. Itoccurs in nearly horizontal bands, thinning out into amere film, and the largest masses do not exceed a fewinches in thickness. It is very brittle, and burns with abright flame; resembles jet, and contains included frag-ments of ligneous character. It is not unlike the Boveycoal.
Ironstone was formerly extracted from some of theferruginous sands of the Wealden, either in irregularconcretions, hard, compact, and of steel-grey colourinside, or laminated, and often concentric. In some placesit is of excellent quality, and when the country wascovered with forest was much used in the manufacture ofcharcoal iron.—D. T. A.]
51 Ross, Thomas, Claremont, Hastings —Producer.
Iron ore from the neighbourhood of Hastings .
Tilgate stone from the East Cliff, Hastings .
Hastings “granite” (locally so called).
Clay, from a large bed lying under tlie sand-cliffs tothe eastward of Hastings .
Hastings hone-stone, rough and prepared.
[The clay near Hastings underlies a thick deposit ofwhite sand and friable sandstone, called the Worth beds.
The clay itself contains undulating seams of lignite. Itoverlies another bed also including lignite.—D. T. A.]
52-
Specimen of fossil orthoceratite.
53 Whittaker, James, Wirhsworth, Derbyshire —
Proprietor.
Specimens of marble, and vase made of the same.
Specimens of grit sand, used for fine castings.
White sand, used for scouring, See.
White lead ore, and stalactite.
54 Brodie, Peter B., F.G.S., Dovm Hatherley,
1. Limestone , from the Purbeck strata in the Vale ofWardour, Wiltshire , applicable to purposes of lithography.
2. Ironstone, from the top beds of the lower lias, Rob-inswood Hill, near Gloucester, Hewlett’s Hill, near Chel-tenham, and Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire ; itoccurs in beds, and occupies a considerable area in theCotswold hills.
3. Septaria, found in the upper beds of the lower lias,Robinswood Hill, near Gloucester , insufficient quantitiesto be used for cement.
4. Iron pyrites, or sulphuret of iron, found in digginga well in the lias at Gloucester .
5. Limestone , forming an extensive bed in the lowerlias near its base, and extending through Gloucestershire and Somersetshire.
6. Hard limestone of the lower lias, near Bidford, inWarwickshire . This stone takes a polish, and could beused as a marble.
7. Bone bed, a thin but extensive band at the base ofthe lower lias, charged with fragments of bones, teeth,and coprolites, which might be beneficial as a manure.It occurs at Wainlode Cliff, CoombeHill, near Gloucester ,Westbury-on-Severn, Somersetshire, and Wales .
[All the above specimens, except the first, are fromthe lias, a deposit of calcareous clay widely distributed inthe west of England, and ranging from the coast of Dor-setshire, at Lyme Regis, to the coast of Yorkshire , atWhitby . The upper and lower beds are often shaly, andyield materials for the manufacture of alum and othersubstances. The middle portion is more calcareous, andincludes some bands of compact limestone. Where thecarbonate of lime forms into nodules somewhat argilla-ceous, there are found septaria well adapted to the makingof cement. In many places, the iron disseminatedthrough the clay has collected into bands of impure iron-stone, which, however, is not likely to come into successfulcompetition with other ores. The bone-bed may, if theexpenses of transport be inconsiderable, be worth workingas a cheap and effective mineral manure.—D. T. A.]
55 Riddell, Sir James Miles, Bart., Strontian —
Proprietor.
Various specimens of minerals.
Harmotome, in large crystals, oil calcareous spar.
Morvenite, a variety of harmotome, on calcareous spar,amber colour.
Crystallized calcareous spar, with annular iron pyrites,enclosing radiated sulphate of barytes.
Brown calcareous spar.
Crystallized calcareous spar, of a pink colour.
Calcareous spar, on hexahedral tables enclosing icosi-tetral crystals.
Hexahedral prismatic calcareous spar, penetrated withcrystals of the same, of a'different form, the obtuse solidangle of which partly protrudes from the terminal plane'of the prism.
Brewsterite, discovered near Strontian.
Crystallized carbonate of strontian.
Massive fibrous carbonate of strontian, with heavy spar.
Sulphate of barytes with phosphate of lead.
Sulphuret of iron.
Gneiss. Gneiss passing into granite. Gneiss with redfelspar.