Kingdom.]
Class 1. — MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.South Side—Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
125
liills throughout England. The fossils and marls arechiefly dug from the lands of the exhibitor at Farnham,in Surrey .
Transverse section of pocket of hops of the choicest“ Golding” variety, grown upon the phosphoric marl ofthe “upper greensand.” Entire pocket of the same asprepared for sale.
Specimens of phosphoric fossils from the mammalife-rous crag of Suffolk ; and of the “Mineral Phosphate ofLime” or “Apatite,” from Estremadura, in Spain , andfrom New Jersey, in the United States .
[The concretions of phosphate of lime, which werediscovered by Mr. Paine in the cretaceous rocks nearFarnham, in a state well adapted for economic use, andwhich are much employed for agricultural purposes,appear to exist in two or three bands in the upper green-sand and gault, not extending into the true lower green-sand. The concretions are occasionally formed about anorganic centre, and appear to be instances of segregationsof a mineral substance at one time generally distributed ina bed while being deposited at the bottom of a sea. Thephosphoritic nodules are usually found in the Farnhamdistrict associated with green earth.—D. T. A.]
37 Lance, Edward Jarman, Frimley, Bagshot,
Specimens of minerals, in their raw state, as used inthe arts (as iron from the Wealden formation, and thecoal measures, &c.), arranged in trays, and named.
Specimens of min erals, used as manures, as phosphateof lime and magnesia; sulphate of lime and alumina ;Cornwall sand, shell marl, &c.
Specimens of cultivated soils or earths, arranged asthey occur from London to Cornwall , being the abrasionsof minei’als.
Specimens of corn produce; the effect of the admix-ture of fertilizing minerals and culture on silicious sand,in illustration of the preceding collection.
Geological map of the British Isles.
38 Gill, William Eati-iorne, Truro —Inventor.Specimen of Normal guano, a manure: prepared from
the refuse of the fisheries, as a superior fertilizer.
This manure is obtained from precisely the samesource as the Peruvian guano; the sample exhibited wasa conger-eel. It is chemically prepared with all its agri-cultural advantages undiminished. Fish refuse has everbeen a well-recognised manure, especially along ourcoasts; but the demand has, for obvious reasons, beenirregular, and the supply, as a consequence, still more so.By adopting, in our fisheries, the process of manufactureshown in the specimen, a regular market at all seasonsof the year would be established, and the normal guanowould thus become a means of supplying our farmerswith a portable, cheap, and valuable manure.
[The large quantities of fish, particularly pilchards,mackerel, and hake, which are caught around the coastof Cornwall , render the preparation of a manure fromthe refuse, on most occasions, a comparatively easy under-taking.^ Tlie value of fish manure has been long known,and it is not at all uncommon for farmers to go to con-siderable expense to obtain the offal from the nearesttowns > an< * they value highly the refuse salt,
" * c 1 Jkey obtain after the pilchard season, from thecuring- louses, on account of the great quantity of pot-oil it contains.—R. H .] fe i J F
on -—-
L Gould, Rev. S., Rectory , Beconsfeld .
Samples of clay, chalk, and sands.
40 Sweetman, John, Sutton, County of Dublin —ry. Proprietor.
Blue limestone, containing about 90 per cent, ofcar-onate ot lime. Dolomite, containing about 40 per cent.
of carbonate of magnesia. Cement made with dolomite.Quartz rock for road metal. Steatite clay, for pottery orsilicated soap. Silicated soap. Hsematite iron ore.Black oxide of manganese, containing about 55 per cent,of oxygen. Umber. Yellow and brown ochre. Whitesand, for manufacture of glass.
[Dolomite occurs in various places in Ireland , in veinsin the limestone districts, particularly where intrudedrocks are near. On the south side of Belfast Lough, atHolywood , it appears also as a distinct rock in a stratumabout 60 feet thick. The best kinds contain from 18 toabout 22 per cent, of magnesia.—D. T. A.]
41 Teschemacher, E. F., 4 Park Terrace , Highbury —.Producer.
Collection of mineral and other manures.
42 Harris, J., 2 Hart Street, Mark Lane —Inventorand Manufacturer.
Fsecal manure, deodorised, containing the fertilizingproperties essential to vegetation, and suitable for everydescription of soil and climate.
Silt , sand, turf, &c., from the Isle of Ely.
44 Ramsay, G. H., Newcastle (Agent, A. Hurst,
Artificial manure, bone dust, and superphosphate oflime.
45 Mitchell, W. B., Sheffield —Producer.Sandstones, for purposes of construction, and grind-stones.
1. Millstone grit—Bull Hill Quarry. 2. Millstone grit—Reeves’ Edge Quarry. 3. Blue sandstone—Green MoorQuarry. 4. Brown sandstone — Green Moor Quarry.5, Blue sandstone—Brinkcliffe Edge Quarry. 6. Brownsandstone—Grenoside Quarry. 7. Brown sandstone—Wickersley Quarry. 8. Magnesian limestone—SteetleyQuarry.
Clay.
9. Fire clay and brick—Dore Moor Mine . 10. Fireclay, for crucibles—Storr’s Mine . 11. Balbro brick clay;pressed brick.
12. From Soap House Colliery—Sheffield Bed. 13.From Birley Vale Colliery—Sheffield Bed. 14. FromMortomley Colliery—Sheffield Bed. 15. Handsworthconverting coal. 16. Tinsley Park high hazel coal. 17.Tinsley Park furnace coal.
46 Nesbitt, J. C., Kennington —Producer.Phosphate fossils for manure.
47 Cawley, James, Pendell, Bletchingley — Producerand Manufacturer.
Stone from the surface of fuller’s earth, used foil build-ing purposes.
Fuller’s earth in the raw state, blue and yellow..
Fuller’s earth, blue and yellow, dried and prepared foruse in the manufacture of woollen cloths, flannels, blan-kets, Scotch tweeds, and tartan shawls.
Specimen of the spar found in the strata of the fuller’searth.
All the above specimens were found and dug at the“Cockley pits” at Nutfield, Surrey .
[The fuller’s earth pits of Nutfield, near Reigate , areextensively worked, and supply large quantities of. thissubstance to the clothing districts. There are two kinds,one greener than the other, owing to the presence ofsilicate of iron; but both exist under the same geologicalconditions, occurring in the lower cretaceous seiies, anddiffering little in chemical condition.
Fuller’s earth consists of about 45 silica, 20 alumina,and 25 water. When placed in water it almost dissolves,
[!•]
[Official Illustrated Catalogue.]
L