I T A
45
IT A
®aents ; and between every two are a pair of coupled Corin-jan columns, supporting an entablature projecting over eachcolumn. Above the entablature the wall rises 20 feet, andUpon the top of this, springs the magnificent dome : it is aouble dome consisting of an external and internal shell at aor t distance from each other, the extreme diameter of theouter one measuring 189 feet, and that of the other on thejnside, 138 feet. Both domes are of the spheroidal shape,ut the inner is flatter than the outer one, the height of theorrner being 77 feet, while that of the latter is 100 feet;le y are connected together by sixteen vertical ribs ofmasonry. Above the cupola is a lantern 40 feet in height,Ud above that a small spire supporting a ball and cross.•Uife are three tiers of windows in the dome.
■from the front of the church, and commencing at theextremities of the porch, project two corridors, one on eachde, in such a manner as to approach nearer and nearer toac h other as they recede from the fagade of the building, andclosing a space of ground or area in the form of a trape-* 0l d, the length of which from east to west measures 400cet. Prom the western extremity of each of these corridors,18 car ried a semicircular colonnade, which is surmounted by? n entablature and balustrade, crowned at regular intervals
uy statues.
— The area thus enclosed is 650 feet long from0rt h to south, and 500 feet from east to west : in itsn lre is a i ar g e Egyptian obelisk of black marble, and on. side of it a large fountain. The trapezoidal area con-a, us the steps to the cathedral.
1 “ e original design for this cathedral was furnished byr amante, but was altered by almost every architect employedo p*. n I'le building, so that he cannot lay claim to the design
did
bo - not Proceed far with the work, the body of the church]u. 11 S erected by Peruzzi and San Gallo ; the dome byn ctl ael Angelo and Fontana ; the nave and west fagade byt^as ° ^ aderno > an d the colonnades by Bernini . The planj llto 0ri ginally designed as a Latin cross, which was changedr a Greek cross by Michael Angelo , and again into theJn f°rm by Carlo Maderno .
p„ ae following dimensions of the cathedral and its severalthis ma y he found useful, especially in the comparison ofare and our cathedral of St. Paul, the dimensions of whichgiven in a parallel column.
The Plan.—Length and Breadth.
Th
® tvhole length of the church andTl P°rch. 6
St. Peter’s.Ft.
*79Q
St. Paul’s.Ft.
5<X)
breadth within the doors of theYjPonicos....
510
364
318
250
Phe of the front with the turrets
readth of the front without theT , Ur rets....
... 180
l in
aj^veadth of the church and three
255
364
... 130
i an
chapgj^k the church and widest
The °P the porch within.
Th e j rea ^ l h °f the porch within.
step e 3 "^ °f the plateau at the upper
218
40
... 50... 20
l no
The the nave at the door.
Pilln,. ea j the nave at the third
The d ’ eadth of the side aisles.
nave aDCe between the pillars of the
67
73
29
... 40
... 40... 17
n. .
44
N
St. Peter's. St. Paulis,
Ft Ft
The breadth of the same double pillars
at St. Peter’s. 29 ... —
The breadth of the same single pillars
at St. Paul’s. — ... 10
The two right sides of the great pilas-ters of the cupola. 65.7^ ... 25.35
The distance between the same pilasters 72 ... 40
The outward diameter of the cupola. 189 ... 145
The inward diameter of the same. 138 ... 100
The breadth of the square by the cupola 43 ... —
The length to the same. 328 ... —
From the door within to the cupola. 313 ... 190
From the cupola to the end of the tribune 167 ... 170
The breadth of each of the turrets. 77 ... 35
The outward diameter of the lantern.... 36 ... 18
The whole space upon which one pillar
stands. 5,906 ... 875
The whole space upon which all thepillars stand.23,625 ...7000
The Height.
From the ground without to the top of
the cross. 437-^ ... 370
The turrets as they were at St. Peter’s
and are at St. Paul’s. 289-| ... 222
To the top of the highest statues on the
front. 175 ... 135
The first pillars of the Corinthian order 74 ... 33
The breadth of the same. 9 ... 4
Their bases and pedestals. 19 ... 13
Their capitals. 10 ... 5
The architrave, frieze, and cornice. 19 ... 10
The Composite pillars at St. Paul’s, and
Tuscan at St. Peter’s... . 25£ ... 25
The ornaments of the same pillars above
and below. 14£ ... 16
The triangle of the mezzo relievo with
its cornice. 22-| ... 18
"Wide. 92 ... 74
The bases of the cupola to the pedestals
of the pillars. 36£ ... 38
The pillars of the cupola. 32 ... 28
Their bases and their pedestals. 4 ... 5
Their capitals, architrave, frieze, and
cornice. 12 ... 12
From the cornice to the outward slope
of the cupola. 25^- ... 40
The lantern from the cupola to the ball 63 ... 50
The ball, in diameter. 9 ... 6
The cross, with its ornaments below. 14 ... 6
The statues upon the front, with their
pedestals. 25^ ... 15
The outward slope of the cupola. 89 ... 50
Cupola and lantern, from the cornice of
the front to the top of the cross. 280 ... 240
The height of the niches in front. 20 ... 14
Wide. 9 ... 5
The first windows in front. 20 ... 13
Wide. 10 ... 7
Mr. Gwilt lias prepared a table of areas of the two edifices,
as also of that of the Duomo, Florence; and as this tablecontains likewise the area occupied by piers and othermeans of support, it will give an idea of the comparativemerits of the buildings as regards construction, and whentaken in connection with the comparative sectional areas,