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the surbase-moulding must be cut in a plane perpendicularto the floor. The shadowed part shows a part of thejamb-lining cut out sufficient to let the surbase-mouldingmove in it.
Note. —If the centre of the hinge had been placed in theplane of the side of the rebate, parallel to the jamb-lining, adeep cavity through the jamb would have been brought intoview in the opening of the door, the exposure of which wouldhave been very unsightly.
If the upper part of the door be hinged, the axis of thehinge should be in a straight line with the axis of the centrebelow, and both the axis of the hinge and the axis of thecentre should be in the plane of the face of the door, so thatthe joint upon the hanging side will always be close.
Figure 61, the elevation of the surbase at the joint.
The construction of a sash-frame, and the manner of puttingthe several parts of it together .”
Figure 62, the elevation of the sash-frame.
a b c d. The outer edge of it.
The dark perpendicular lines ep, g h, are grooves whosedistances from the edges lm and ki of the sash-frame, areequal to the depth of the boxing, together with three-eighthsof an inch allowed for the margin between the shutters andthe bead.
Figure 63, horizontal section of the sides, showing alsothe plan of the sill.
Figure 64, a vertical section of the sill and top, showingthe elevation of the pulley-style m and n, the pulleys let intothe pulley-piece.
Figure 65, the horizontal section of the sides, showing alsoa plan of the head of the sash-frame.
Figure 66, the elevation of the outer side of the sash-frame:the outside lining being taken away in order to show thework within the sash-frame.
f g, the parting strip fastened by a pin : e d, one of theweights connected with the sash by means of a line going overthe pulley c ; the other end fixed to the edge of the sash.
Note. —The weight d e is equal to half the weight of thesash.
Figure 67, part of the head of the sash-frame before pHttogether.
Figure 68, the edge of Figure 67.
Figure 69, the edge of the bottom, showing the manner offixing the styles.
Figure 70, the plan of Figure 69.
Figure 71 and 72, sections of window-sills, with sectionsof the under-rail of the sash, showing the best modes of con-structing them in order to prevent the weather from drivingunder the sash-rail.
A. Section of the bottom-rail of the sash.
b. Section of the bead tongued into the sill.
Figure 73, sections of the meeting-rails, with the side ele-vations of the upright bars.
C. Rebate for the glass.
d. A square.
e, f. An astragal and hollow moulding.
G. Fillet.
Note. —The small letters denote the same parts of theunder-sash.
Figure 74, section of an upright bar, with the plans of twohorizontal bars, showing the franking or manner in whichthey are put together, so as to keep the upright bars as strongas possible. The thickness of the tenon in general comesabout one-sixteenth of an inch to the edge of the hol-low of the astragal, and close to the rebate on the otherside.
h h. A dowel to keep the horizontal bars still firmertogether.
Note. —The same parts in this have the letters of refer-ence the same as Figure 73.
Note also. There is no rebate made for the glass on theinside of the meeting-bar; a groove being made to answerthat purpose.
Figure 75 .—Section of common shutters and sash-frame.
A. Section of the architrave.
B. Ground for the architrave.
F. Back lining of the boxing, tongued into the groundand into the inside lining g, of the sash-frame.
G. The inside lining of the sash-frame.
H. The inside bead,i. The pulley-style.
K. The parting bead.
L. Outside lining.
M. Back lining.
c c c. The front-shutter hung to the inside lining of thesash-frame, G, by means of the hinge a.
d d d. Back flap or shutter hung to the front shutter bymeans of the hinge h.
e e e. Another back flap hung to D d d, by mean3 of thehinge c.
As in a window, the whole of the light should be shut out,the principle of setting out the shutters is, that each boxingshould contain as many shutters as will cover one half; thehorizontal breadth of which is from the axis of the hinges tothe central vertical line of the windows,o p Q R. Plan of the lower sash,o. Rebate of the glass.
P. A square.
Q. An astragal moulding.
R. A small square, or fillet.
Figure 76, the method of hinging two back flaps together,showing the manner of placing the hinge, when room 13scanty in the boxings.
Elevation and plan of half a window, adapted, when thewall of the building is not sufficiently thick, to admit of roof*for boxing.
Figure 77, elevation of half the window.
Figure 78, plan of the window to double the size of th eelevation, in order that the parts may be more distinctlyseen.
e l. The breadth of the shutter, which is hung to a hang'ing style G, and the hanging style G is hung to the sash-fra® eby the hinge at h.
The whole breadth of the shutter E l, together with tb®breadth of the hanging style at G, that is, i h, ought to cove rexactly half the breadth of the window ; viz., from the a£ l3of the hinge at h, to the central vertical line of the window*h. Architrave.
I. Back-ground.
K. Bttck lining.
The panel, a bcd, Figure 77, represents the shutter, ^which E F, Figure 78, is the breadth. The hanging style anshutter are hung together by means of a rule-joint, as bef° rdescribed, under the article Hinging. _ j
Under the shutter a b c d, is a bead r, which is continue ^across the sash-frame to serve for a capping; P is a vert® ^bead continued in a line with the edge, at d, of the rUjoint.
o and n. Sub-plinth of window, flush with the bead P*m. Plinth, or skirting-board.
Figure 79.— A. Architrave-moulding.b. Ground,c c c. Back lining.
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