M U S
223
MYE
^OULDING-PLANE. See Plank, and Tools.AirviT' I>ING3 ’ ^ a ^ n 9 - & ee Raking Mouldings.of a II, in the courts of princes, an apartment consistingint en i°r i '^ ''ooois, as offices, kitchens, &c., where the meatMpT ^° r t ' le Pnst; l a 'd es > s dressed by itself.
"'ind ^IONS, in pointed architecture, all those part3 ofeiti lp °' vs divide the light into compartments, and are
y r curved or straight.
r ( , n mullions are called munnions ; and those which
nn,m loriZf >ntally are called transoms. The whole of thecaii Pf i f op a window above the springing of the arch are-/'the head-wnrh
Pol i
kill r 461
■- ' I I LATERAL, (from the Latin , multus, many, and
•des) in geometry, a term applied to figures which"tore than four sides or angles, more usually called
«iter t
Mnv e
' a , s ;
iWons.
act
^MRLTfPrjcA’ iton,
,l >e ''ikinn! n ! Jltip ' yinOq Con m 111 ©very multiplication, the multiplier must always
tity Q p' aere d as a number; and it is easy to conceive a quan-po Utl , an y kind multiplied by a number. But to talk of aa ^"Itiplied by a pound, a debt bj r a debt, or a line by
"PPlicat' ° ’ ' S un ' nteP 'g'd>l f - However, by analogy, in thes ’°tis ' '° 1 n op a 'gebra to geometrv, we meet with such expres-denml' " 0thi "g is more common than to find A ll x B C,and t | le w l he rectangle A is C n, the length of which is A b,ai| aloo- v . ^"dth b c. But this is only to be understood byPle side’ becailse > 'f die number expressing the measure ofA B w eru multiplied by the number expressing the'Hqj °f B c, the product would express the measure of
is ^ s ^n of multiplication mostly used among algebraists,crmans, after Leibnitz , only make use ofdiits; J* daed between the quantities multiplying each other,^ A a v ' ° ^ the same as a X b; and ab.bc, the same
B V - '-‘““c .to “ ^ ^ " •
^TJ'Vtx or t ' le rectangle of a b into B c.
^diedr , ■®fENT - HOUSE, a small strong apartment in
'^■de? and ..
IIes{ . collegiate churches, castles, colleges, or the*.**”>* for keeping the seal, evidences, charters, &c.klL T VT, T l J r( '' 1 ’ colleges, tkc., called muniments, or miniments.SlUjj * d °NS, see Mullions.
8 ' v al| r ,V’ (Rom the Latin mums') something belonging to^daclip,, . IUs mural monument, arch, and columns, i. e.
11 A he WalL
J e Wane p Cn > a wall, or walled arch, placed exactly int' 6 fixing °c <Pe meridian, i. e. upon the meridian line, for1 ° ohsev ° a ^ ar S e quadrant, sextant, or other instrument,meridian altitudes, &c., of the heavenlytp p ' a oho yc i ° Rralie was the first who used a mural arch'r e > & c eiVat 'ons; after him, Helvelius, Flamsteed, De lar die same means.
B,. 6 atl cient’l *' r ° m tbe Greek fiovaai) fabulous divinities ofand o ■ lea diens, who were supposed to preside over the
i^ a Sht e ,^ C '® n | s admitted of nine Muses, and made them theStiH d ’ the" “ u P' ter and Mnemosyne , or Memory. At first,*hi Aiejjg 1 . 1, dumber was but three ; viz., Melete, Mneme,v ^ n 9ina . l ree ^ W0I 'ds, signifying meditation, memory,], a ”V out a certain sculptor of Sicyon , according toas es for t] 11 ® or ders to make three statues of the threele temple of Apollo, and mistaking his instruc-
tions, made three several statues of each Muse : these, how-ever, were found so beautiful, that they were all set up inthe temple ; and from that time they began to reckon nineMuses ; to whom Hesiod afterward gave names ; viz.Calliope, Clio, Erato, Thalia, Melpomene, Terpsichore ,Euterpe, Polyhymnia, and Urania .
Each of these was to preside over her respective art;Calliope over heroic poetry ; Clio over history ; Melpomene over tragedy ; Thalia over comedy ; Euterpe over wind-music ; Urania over astronomy ; Terpsichore over the harp ;Erato, the lute ; Polyhymnia , rhetoric.
They are painted as young, handsome, and modest ;agreeably dressed, and crowned with flowers. Their usualabodes were about mount Helicon , in Boeotia, and mount-Parnassus, in Phocis . Their business was to celebrate thevictories of the gods, and to inspire and assist the poets ;and hence the custom of invoking their aid at the beginningof a poem.
MUSEUM , (from the Greek yovotiov) originally signifieda palace of Alexandria, which occupied at least a fourth partof the city; and was so called from its being set apart tothe Muses and the sciences.
Here were lodged and entertained a great number oflearned men, who were divided into companies or colleges,according to the sciences or sects of which they were pro-fessors. And to each house or college was allotted a hand-some revenue. This establishment is attributed to PtolemyPhiladelphus, who fixed his library in it.
Hence the word has passed into a general denomination,and is now applied to any place set apart as a repositoryfor things that have some immediate relation to the arts, orto the. Muses.
MUTILATED CORNICE, one that is broken or dis-continued.
Mutilated Roof, see Roof.
MUTILATION, (from the Latin mutilatio, maiming) theretrenching or cutting away any part of a regular body.The word is extended to statues and buildings where any partis wanting, or the projection of any member discontinued.
MUTULE, in architecture, a part of the Doric cornice,appearing to support the corona and the superior members,formed by three vertical parallelograms at right angles, andan inclined plane which descends towards the front of thecornice, until it meets the rectangular vertical plane, theinclined plane being the soffit, and the two vertical parallelplanes being at right angles to the surface of the frieze, andthe vertical plane on the front parallel thereto
Mutules had their origin from the ends of rafters in theoriginal wooden structures, and are, therefore, properlyrepresented with a declination towards the front of thecorona ; though represented by an architect of the last cen-tury with a level soffit. See Doric Order .
MYLASSENSE MARMOR, in the works of the ancients,a species of marble dug near the city of Mylassense, in Caria.It was of a black colour, but with an admixture of purple,not disposed in veins, but diffused through the whole mass.It was much used in building among the Romans.
MYNCHERY, the same as Nunnery, which see.
MYRON, a celebrated statuary of Greece . He madea cow of brass, of admirable workmanship, much lauded bywriters of that period.