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369
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Wng 6 ■■objection is, that a horse has not nearly so secure a4. P° n paving as upon a broken-granite road.
0| > Sortie ertl tram_ roads has been adopted for special trafficr ° a ds with great advantage, as in the Commercial^t^av ^ n< ^' a Dock Boads, where two parallel lines ore Pitce bgj. 8 Masonry are laid for the wheels to run upon, thej^fria w ' Veen being paved with the ordinary paving. Thesef §th made of large blocks of granite 6 or 6 feet inN’tol mches wide, and 12 inches deep, and have beenPawStand the heavy traffic much better than ordinary^°ads Wou ^ have done.
^Cerit J P ave d with blocks of wood are of comparatively^ad 8> . Ve ntion, and offer many advantages over commonl ae ‘"e evenness of the surface, but more especially by4 j, ent ion of noise, which is a great inconvenience on
wing the comparative First Cost, Annual Expense,as for example, in a road 42 feet
paved roads. It is to be regretted, however, that with suchadvantages wood-paving lias defects, which have proved aneffectual bar to its general employment; we allude to itswant of durability, and consequent expense, but more espe-cially to its slipperiness in wet and damp weather. Tiie for-mer objection we feel confident may be removed by employinggreater care in the construction and drainage of the substruc-ture ; and the latter may be remedied, in some degree, byspreading broken granite on the surface.
In concluding this article, we beg to recapitulate the prin-cipal points to be attended to in the construction and manage-ment of roads;!—viz.; a good solid foundation, proper drainage,and efficient Cleansing. We subjoin a table of the compara-tive costs of various kinds of Iioads with some cursory obser-vations on their peculiarities.
and Durability, of different descriptions of Carriage-Roads,wide, with ordinary substratum.
Mi
Serial
used.
>s ey n —
Vb,
unstone.
.
$u\® ranl te, 3-Nati„: 8 > concrete
<> qua 7£om.
First cost for
Cost for squareyrd. per annumfor repairs.
Value
of materials atend of
square yard*
10 yrs.
20 yrs.
30 yrs.
4s. 6d.
Is. 6d.
3d.
3d.
3d.
about the same.
see 2d column
3s. 60.
2s.
nil.
nil.
nil.
3s.
2s. 3d.
nil.
nil.
nil.
17s. 6d.
For the first 3yrs nil, after-wards 3d. perannum.
7s.
4s.
2s. 6d.
14s.
do.
6s. 6d.
4s.
3s.
12s. 6d.
Is. 6d.
The value of materialwhen relaid at the endof every eight years,Is. per square yard.
Observations on durability and conditionthe road would be in at the end of|20 years.
The price in each case is taken for London wear ; as in the principal thoroughfares atjthe West End, the road being alwaysrenewed at the expense stated, the valueof materials would be the same at eachperiod.
This material will not bear the trafficgranite will: it has been used in streets of|secondary traffic, but grinds to powder indry, and goes off to light mud In wet]weather.—The same remarks as above asto value at 20 years.
The same observations which have beenmade in reference to Ightam stone, applyin h still stronger degree to hint roads, asthey are much inferior in durability, thoughwell suited to some localities.
The price named as value of a certain num-ber of years* wear, is what the materialswould sell for if removed. They wouldbe worth more, if removed to other streets.
Do. I
Cleanliness.
sufficient to lay with new when required,and it is presumed this would be necessaryat the end of every eight years. j
Remarks.
Q tt(
^ granite ia the only material which has been found to
b v 0r , 0l ’dinary wear and tear of London traffic, all other stoneNil ? ar mua? 8 not keen procurable at a reasonable price.
^ of repairs depends not only on the traffic over the
h-ooH 1 ^ S° 0( l or bad formation originally. Some part ofsuh/° r * U{ *tanee, is made on so bad a bottom, that in wetIv^ 8 traK Co utvaoi?^ ra ^ Um w °rks up, and destroys the new material. An5* ^ a to or * aonie time since, sent in an estimate, to take out the* g0 °tl rn Cer tain depth, fill in with good hard stuff, and make6 leng^^ °^ er This road is now paved with granite, nearly
5 B
The mud in wet and thedust in dry weather, arethe chief objections tothese roads; they arevery expensive to keepclean.
Grueby stone turns to alight mud in bad wea-ther, and roads madewith it,cost more to keepclean than granite roads.Same remarks as madeupon Grueby stone, ap-ply to this in referenceto cleansing the roads.
Very difficult to keepclean.
This is the best and clean-est of pavements, as itoffers the greatest facili-ties for washing.
Good pavement, but notso clean.
Wood offers great facili-ties for cleansing; it isswept easier, and at lesscost, and the sweepingsare valuable formanure,while the sweepings ofbroken-stone roads arenot It can be easilywashed also, but shouldnot be kept wet, if pos-sible to avoid.
A road made with the centre of granite, and sides of flints, has beenfound to answer well in the neighbourhood of London •, also flints in thecentre, and the sides paved with granite stones, (cubes.)c This is not equal to the 3-inch cubes described above.d The first cost of this description of road, always prevented its becomingmore general; and in the thoroughfares where it was adopted, it has gra-dually been replaced by granite. When Regent-street was paved with wood,the contract price for keeping it in repair was 6d. per square yard perannum for 7, 14, or 21 years. In that street the wood pavement wasstrewed with clear Guernsey granite, broken in small pieces, which wasfound in a great degree to prevent the slipperiness so much complainedof. The expense of the experiment, borne by the Commissioners, was£\2bj or about 2d. per yard.