OIL

O I L

C 184 )

Sulphuric acid caufes a ftrong effervefcence and■evolution of heat, the oil is rendered thick andbrown, and water is produced. Highly con-centrated and fuming nitrous acid if pouredfuddenly on thefe oils occafions an inftantaneousinflammation; but if fomewhat diluted andadded drop by drop a confiderable effervefcencetakes place, accompanied by the difengagement•of nitrous gas; the oil becomes thick and yel-low and at length aflumes the appearance of aloft refin: by waffling in repeated portions ofwater all the acid is got rid of. The refmousmatter thus procured is infoluble in water, butvery foluble in alcohol, to which it gives abright wine colour and a bitter fub-aromatic•flavour ; it is inflammable and exhibits moll ofthe other properties of true refin.

The ahtion of muriatic acid upon the volatile

oils has been but little examined. When thrownin a gafleous form into oil of turpentine it black-ens it arid caufes a precipitation of a fpecies ofCamphor on fubfequent waffling with water.Oxymuriatic acid thickens the volatile oils andbrings them nearly to the ftate of refins withlittle or no colour.

The alkalies combine though imperfeftly andnot without difficulty with the eflential oils,forming a clafs of Soaps , of which we fhallfpeak more at large hereafter.

We fhall clofe this article by the followinglift of the principal vegetables that afford eflen-tial oil, and of the proportions obtained from agiven weight of the materials, premifing thatconfiderable allowances are to be made for dif-ference of climate, of drynefs in the plants, andother caufes of uncertainty.

Name and fate of the

Vegetable.

Quantity.

Amount of Oil,

Authority.

Anife, feeds - - -

16 lbs.

7 oz. - -

Beaume

-ditto - - -

-

-

-

r lb.

2 drachms

Neumann

Cajeput, feeds - -

-

-

-

i ib.

15 grs. - -

Dehne

Camomile, flowers

-

-

82 lbs.

18 gros. - -

Beaume

-ditto

-

-

-

20 lbs.

ifoz. - -

Dehne

Capivi, balfam - -

-

-

-

1 lb.

6 oz. - -

Hoffmann

Carrawav, feeds

-

-

-

6 lbs.

4joz. - -

Beaume

-ditto

•

-

-

1 cwt.

83 oz. - -

Lewis

Cedar, wood - - -

1 lb.

2 drachms

Margraff

Cinnamon, bark

*

-

-

12-f lbs.

x gros. - -

Beaume

V:- ditto

-

-

-

1 lb.

2-ifcruples

Neumann

-ditto

-

-

-

4 lbs.

6 drachms

Lemeri

--ditto

-

-

-

3 lbs -

4 drachms

Cartheufer

Cloves - - - -

1 lb.

2|oz. - -

Cartheufer

Ditto -----

2 lbs.

5 oz. - -

Hoffmann

Coriander, feeds

-

-

-

164 lbs.

5 oz. 4 gros.

'j

Cubeb, feeds - -

-

-

-

1 2j lbs.

2 oz. 1 gros.

vBeaume

Cummin, feeds - -

-

-

-

20 lbs.

12 oz. - -

J

--ditto - -

-

-

-

1 bulliel

21 oz. - -

Lewis

Dill, the frefh plant-feeds - - -

-

-

60 lbs.

4 lbs.

ifoz. - -

2 oz. - -

j> Beaume

-ditto - - -

-

-

-

• 4 lbs.

2 oz. - -

Lewis

Elecampane, frefh root

-

-

12 lbs.

igros. - -

Beaume

_:-ditto -

-

-

-

r2 lbs.

qidrachms

Dehne

Fennel, feeds. - -

-

-

-

75 'b-

30 oz. - -

Beaume

--ditto - -

-

-

1 lb.

8 fcruples

Neumann

Feverfew, in flower

-

-

-

56 lbs.

i|oz. - -

Beaume

Ginger , root - - -

i lb.

1 drachm

Lewis

Hyfl'op, flowers - -

-

-

-

20 lbs.

6 gros. - -

Beaume

--leaves - -

-

-

-

2 cwt.

6 oz. -

Lewis

Juniper, berries - -

-

-

-

10 lbs.

4 gros. - -

Beaume

-ditto - -

-

-

-

48 lbs.

6 oz. - -

Dehne

-ditto - -

-

-

-

8 lbs.

3 oz. - -

Hoffmann, Cartheufer

Lavender, flowers -

-

-

-

80 lbs.

1 lb. 9 oz.

Beaume

-ditto - -

-

-

-

48 lbs.

12 oz. - -

^ Lewis

--ftalks and flowers

-

I 3i cwt.

60 oz. - -