59° * young’s travels in France .

i . clover, or millet; 2. maize; 3. wheat. By which courfes they have half or a thirdof their land in wheat every year.

Brefcia. —1. Wheat, and twenty pounds of clover-feed in March, per jugero,—theclover cut in Auguft with the wheat-ftubble, and then paftured, in winter dunged :—2. clover, called this year prato graffo, cut thrice ; firft in May, called il maggiatico ;fecond in Auguft, called Vojiano; third in September, il navarolo: —3. in March fow.flax, which is gathered in June, then plough and fow quarantino, amongft which, at thefecond hoeing, fow lupines for manure :•—4. plough in the lupines, and fow wheat inNovember, which is reaped in June; cut the ftubble immediately, and fow lupines or■colefeed for manure:—5. plough in October, and fow wheat mixed with rye, reaped inJune, and then fow part with quarantino and part with panic :—6. if a crop of colefeedis taken, it is fown amongft the maize whilft growing, which cole is ripe in fpring, intime to clear the ground for manuring and fowing the common maize; if cole not fown,remains fallow in winter, and fow melica in fpring,—the great millet.

Verona. —Here, as in all other parts of Lombardy , the land is never fallowed,—

1. maize, called grano tnrco : — 2. wheat, and when reaped, millet or cinquantino; thisis the quarintino of the Milanefe:—3. barley or oats, and when reaped, lorne other fe-cond crop. Wheat is always fown after maize, and that after barley or oats. No cloverufed here, except in rice-lands. In the rice-grounds,— 1. wheat, reaped time enoughfora crop of cinquantino; 2. maize; 3. clover; 4. rice, &c. &c. Beans are alfo fowninftead of maize, and wheat after them, and prepare for wheat much better. On the dryIand6, fuch as about the Lago di Guarda, &c. no clover, as the land is not good enough.

To Vicenza . —No fallow any where. There is a little clover, and very fine, but the quan-tity is fmall: all wheat and maize, and fcarcely any thing elfe.

Vicenza. —Wheat is always fown after clover, and cinquantino after wheat; butnothing prepares fo well for that crop as beans, fo that they are called the mother ofwheat, madredella formento. This idea, in Lombardy , is as old as Gallo, who remarks,that wheat fucceeds after nothing better than beans, which in grajfano maggiormente laterra , che non fa ogni altro legume *; and this he refers to as a cultom of the Cr'emonefeand the IViantuans. It is equally true in England ; and fuch a combination of authorityought to convince fuch as yet want conviction, of the utility of beans as a preparation forwheat; more, perhaps, to be depended on than any other preparation whatever. Acommon courfe near this city introduced as a variety is,— 1. maize ; 2. wheat and cin-quantino. A farmer cultivated a field during fome year*in this courfe, 1. maize;

2. wheat; 3. clover: and to preclude the necefiity of dung, he ufed only the•vanga (fpade): for five years his crops were good, but afterwards declined greatlytill he could not get even clover. They fow wheat in October, and the clover-feed overit in March, if there is rain ; the end of June the wheat is cut, the end of Auguft theclover is mown for hay, and another fmall crop again in October ; here is, therefore,within a year, one crop of wheat and two of clover. The grafs is cut again in May, orbeginning of the following June; a fecond time in Auguft, and a third growth plowedin for wheat, which is ulually a very great crop in this hufbandry.

Padua. —On all forts of land the mod ufual hufbandry is, 1. dung for maize; 2.wheat; 3 wheat, and then cinquantino or millet, &c. Clover is fown both in autumnand in fpring; if- the froft is not very fevere, autumn is beft, but fpring the molt Se-cure. It is cut once after the wheat is reaped.

Venice. —Sig. Arduino allures me, there is no fallow to be found in any part of theVenetian territory; they have not even a word to exprefs the idea - l’anno di ripofo , is

* Le Vend Giornate dell’ Agrkoltura, Brefcia, 1775. 4to. p. 59.

a different