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superfluous flesh that grow up in the channels of a horse’s mouth ;that is, in the intervals that separate the bars, and lie under thetongue. These obtain in black cattle as well as horses, and obstructtheir eating. The method of curing this distemper simply con-sists in cutting the excrescence close off with a sharp pair of scis-sars, or a knife, washing the wound several times a day with brandy,or port-wine and vinegar, taking care, however, that no hard foodbut fresh grass, green herbs, and mashes, be given for several days,till the raw part be healed. In those cases where black cattle aresubject to a species of barbs, which grow quickly, and hang in theform of fleshy pimples under the tongue, they ought first to bedipt off, as before stated, then properly chafed with garlic, andcommon salt beaten together, and the mouth afterwards gentlywashed and rubbed with soft linen, dipped in lukewarm wine, orbrandy and water.

BARBUDA, or BARMUDA, one of the British Caribbeeislands, about 20 miles long, and 12 broad. It is lowland, butfruitful and Ipretty populous. Barbuda lies about 20 miles N. E.of St. Christopher’s. Lon. Cl. 30. W. Lat. 18. 30. N.

BARCA, a large country of Africa , lying on the coast of theMediterranean sea, between the kingdoms of Egypt and Tripoli ,extending in length from E. to \V. from 39° to 46° Lon. E. andin breadth from N. to S. about 30 leagues. It is for the most part,especially in the middle, a dry sandy desart; on which accountthe Arab 's call it Sahart, or Ceyart Barka, that is, the desart or roadof whirlwinds or hurricanes. It labours almost every where undera great scarcity of water.

BARCALON, an appellation given to the prime-minister ofthe king of Siam .

BARCELONA, a handsome city of Spain , in the province ofCatalonia, of which it is the capital. It is 140 miles E. of Sara-gossa, and 300 E. of Madrid . Lon. 2. 13. E. Lat. 41. 26. N.

BARCELONETTA, a town of France in the department ofthe Lower Alps, 12 miles S. E. of Embrun .

BARCELORE, a town on the coast of Malabar, 130 miles S.of Goa . Lon 74. 15. E. IJat. 13. 45. N.

BARCELOS, a town of Portugal , in Entre-Duero-e-Minho,10 miles W. of Braga .

BARCES, or BERCIIES, were formerly a kind of ship-guns,not unlike sakers, only shorter, thicker in metal, and wider bored.

BARCINO, a town in Spain , now Barcelona.

BARCLAY, Robert, a quaker, was born at Edinburgh in1648, and sent by his father, Colonel Barclay, to Paris , under thecare of his uncle, who was principal of the Scot’s college. He wasdrawn over to the Romish religion, on which his father sent forhim home, and having himself embraced the opinions of the Qua-kers , persuaded his son to do the same. In 1670 he published adefence of his new religion, at Aberdeen ; and in 1675 he printeda catechetical discourse, or system of faith, according to the opi-nions of his sect. But his greatest work is, An Apology for thetrue Christian Divinity, as the same is held forth and preached bythe people called, in scorn, Quakers, printed in Latin, at Amster-dam, in 1676, and translated into English , in 1678. lie not onlybenefited his party bv his writings, but travelled through variouscountries, particularly Germany' and Holland , to obtain converts.He spent the latter part of his life on his paternal estate, and diedin 1690.

BARCOCHAB, or BARCOCIIEBAS, a Jewish impostor,whose real name was Akiba ; but lie took that of Barcocliab,which signifies the Son of a Star; in allusion to the prophecy ofBalaam , “ There shall a star arise out of Jacob.” He proclaimedhimself the Messiah ; and talking of nothing but wars, victories,and triumphs, made his countrymen rise against tire Romans, hywhich means he was the author of innumerable disorders; lie ra-vaged many places, took a great number of fortresses, and mas-sacred an infinite multitude of people, particularly the Christians.The emperor sent troops to Rutus, governor of Judea , to suppressthe sedition. Rufus, in obedienee, exercised a thousand cruel-ties, but could not finish his attempt. The emperor was thereforeobliged to send Julius Severus, the greatest general of that time ;who attained his end without a direct battle: he fell on them se-parately ; cutoff their provisions; and at last the whole contestwas reduced to the siege of Bitter, in the 18th vear of Adrian.The impostor perished there. This war cost the Romans a greatdeal of blood.

WARD, in antiquity, denotes one who was a poet hy genius

and profession ; and “ who sung of the battles of heroes, or theheaving breasts of love.” (Ossian ’s Poems, I. 37.) Lord Kaimesjustly observes, (Sketches I.§ ii.) that the curiosity of man is greatwith respect to the transactions of hi: own species; and when suchtransactions are described in verse, accompanied with music, theperformance is enchanting. An ear, a voice, skill in instrumentalmusic, and, above all, a poetical genius, are requisite to excel in thatcomplicated art. As such talents are rare, the few that possessedthem were highly esteemed, and hence the profession of a bard,which, besides natural talents, required more culture and exercisethan any other known art. Demodocus is mentioned by Homer asa celebrated bard ; and Phemius, another bard, is introduced by himdeprecating the wrath of Ulysses, (Odyss. viii.) and urging him to

“ - spare the poet’s ever gentle kind.

“ A deed like this thy future fame would wrong,

“ For dear to gods and men is sacred song.

“ Save then the poet, and thyself reward :

“ ’ Pis thine to merit, mine is to record.”

BARDAXA, or BURDOCK. See Arctium.

BARDARlOTiE, in antiquity, a kind of ancient guards at-tending the Greek emperor, armed with rods, wherewith theykept off the people from crowding loo near the prince when onhorseback.

BARDED, in heraldry, is used in speaking of a horse that iscaparisoned, lie bears sable, a cavalier d’or, the horse barded,argent.

BARDELLE, in the manege, asaddle made in form of a greatsaddle, but of cloth stuffed with straw, and tied tight down withpackthread, without either leather, wood, or iron.

BARDESANISTS, a sect of ancient heretics, thus denomina-ted from their leader Bardesanes . They went further than theirteacher, and denied the resurrection of the body, and the incarna-tion and death of our Saviour; holding that these were only appa-rent or fantastical.

BARD L, a strong town of Germany, in Pomerania , 12 miles\V\ by N. of Slralsund.

BAREFOOT AUGUSTINES, or BAREFOOT CARME-LITES, are leligious of the order of St. Austin and St. Carmel,wholive under a strict observance, and go without shoes, like the ca-puchins. They are barefoot fathers of mercy. Formerly therewere barefoot Dominicans, and even barefoot nuns of the order ofSt. Augustin.

BAR-FEE, a fee of 20 pence, which every person acquittedof felony pays the gaoler.

BAR FLEUR, a cape of France , in the department of theChannel, 12 miles E. of Cherburg. Near this cape part of theFrench navy was destroyed in 1692, the day after the victorv ofLa Hogue, obtained by the confederate fleet under admiralRussel.

Barfi.eur, a town of France , in the department of the Chan-nel, 175 miles W. N. W. of Paris .

BARGAIN and Salk, in law, a contract, whereby the bar-gainer for some pecuniary consideration bargains anu sells;that'is, contracts to convey, the land of the bargainee; and be-comes by such bargain a trustee for, or seized to the use of, thebargainee ; and then the statute of uses completes the purchase: oras it hath been expressed, the bargain first vests the use, and thenthe statute vests the possession. But as it was foreseen that con-veyances, thus made, would want all those benefits of notorietywhich the old common law-assurances were calculated to give; toprevent clandestine conveyances of freeholds, it was enacted bystatute 27 Hen. VIII. c. 16. that such bargains and sales shouldnot enure tb pass a freehold, unless they be made by indenture,and enrolled within six months in one of the courts of Westmin-ster-hall, or with thecustos rotulorum of the county. Clandestinebargains -and sales of chattel' interests, or leases for years, werethought not worth regarding, as such inteiests were very preca-rious, till about six years before ; which also occasioned them tobe overlooked in framing the statute of uses: and therefore' suchbargains and sales are not directed to be enrolled. 'I’his omissionhas given rise to the species of conveyance by Lease and Re-lease.

BARGES, vessels of state, furnished with elegant apartments,canopies, and cushions; equipped with a band of row-ers, and de-corated with flags and streamers: they are generally used for pro-cessions on the water, by noblemen, officers of state, or magis-

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