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with anti talk to. The duke of Manchester was highly pleasedwith his company, and often came to him in the fields, and accom-panied him home, but could never persuade him to get into acarriage, lie was'married, and his wife used to spin on an oldfashioned wheel, wheveof a very accurate drawing is given in hismechanics. lie was deeply skilled in music, the theory of sounds,and the various scales both ancient and modern, but was a very>oor performer. He wrote, 1. The Doctrine of Fluxions: 2. TheVojection of the Sphere, orthographic, stereographic, and gno-monical: 3. The Elements of Trigonometry : 4. The PrinciplesofMechanics: 5. A Treatise of Navigation on the Seas : (5. ATreatise of Algebra, in two books: 7. The Arithmetic of Infinites,and the differential Method, illustrated by examples: 8. Me-chanics; or, the Doctrine of Motion: 9. The Elements of Optics,and Perspective: 10. A System of Astronomy; 11. The Lawsof Centripetal and Centrifugal Force : 12. The MathematicalPrinciples of Geography: 13. Tracts, 8vo: 14. Cyclomathesis;or an easy Introduction to the several Branches of Mathematics:13. A short Comment on Sir Isaac Newton ’s Principia ; to whichis added, A Defence, of Sir Isaac against the Objections that havebeen made to several Parts of his Works: And, 16. A Miscellane-ous Treatise, containing several Mathematical Subjects, 8vo. 1776.

EMERY, [smyris, Lat. estneril, Kr.] an iron ore, considera-bly rich. It is found in the island of Guernsey, in Tuscany , andmany parts of Germany , ft has a near relation to the magnet.T he lapidaries cut the ordinary gems on their wheels by sprinklingthe wetted powder over them ; hut it will not cut diamonds. It isuseful in cleaning and polishing steel. Emery is found in largemasses of no determinate shape or size, extremely hard, and veryheavy. It is usually of a dusky brownish red on "the surface; butwhen broken, is of a tine bright iron grey, with some tinge of red-ness ; and is spangled all over with shining specks, which aresmall Hakes of a foliaceoiis talc, highly impregnated with iron. Itis also sometimes very red, and then usually contains veins of gold.It makes no effervescence with any of the acid menstruums. Dr.Lewis is of opinion, that some kinds of emery may contain platina.The English are the only people who have the art of reducingemery into powder.

EM ESA, or EMESSA, an ancient town of Asia, in Syria , 25miles S. of Hama . It has several tine ruins, which give some ideaof its ancient magnificence.

EMETICS are those medicines which are either given with aview to discharge the foul or poisoned contents of the stomach, orto velicate the coats of that organ, and thus to produce certainchanges in other parts of the animal economy, not immediatelyconnected with the process of digestion. Wit!) the latter intention,small nauseating doses are generally administered, especially incatarrhal and other diseases of the breast. In this place, however,we shall but briefly enumerate the cases in which vomiting maybe excited with a probability of success ; and also, those instancesin which this remedy cannot be safely adopted. Emetics may beof great service: 1. Immediately after swallowing narcotic andother poisons ; 2. For the purpose of evacuating viscid, bilious,and putrid matters, or undigested food from the stomach ; 3. Toassist Nature, when there is a spontaneous effort to vomit; 4. Toexpel substances fallen into and obstructing the passage of the gul-let; 5. To promote the expectoration of mucus and purulent mat-ter, collected in the lungs and windpipe;—as well as' on many otheroccasions. On the contrary, the greatest precaution is requiredin the following cases, where a precipitate use of emetics may beattended with fatal effects, from bursting a blood-vessel, Ac. 1. Inall plethoric persons, but especially such as perceive a strong pro-pulsion of the blood to the head, breast, stomach, or liver ; 2. Inactual inflammation of the intestines ; S. In states of extreme lan-guor and debility ; 4. In every species of ruptures, and prolap-ses; 5. In violent pain proceeding from stones confined in thebilious or urinary passages; 6. In obstructions of the bowels,and other abdominal parts; 7. In persons of very rigid fibres, forinstance, the aged and emaciated; 8. In a very weak or affectedstate of the lungs, liver and stomach; 9. In a deformed structureof the body, or some particular parts; for which reason emeticsmight prove dangerous to persons troubled « ith a hump-back, avery short neck, narrow chest, Ac.

EMIEEEGUE, one of the Pelew islands.

EMI MS, ancient inhabitants of the land of Canaan beyond

Jordan, towards the Dead Sea ; who were defeated by Chcdorla-oilier and his allies.

EMINENCE, in geography, a little hillock or ascent above thelevel of the adjoining champaign.

EMIR, a title of dignity among the Turks, signifying a prince.This title was first given to the caliphs; but when they assumed,the title of Sultans , ihat of emir remained to their children ; as thatof Caesar among the Romans. At length the title came to be at-tributed to ali who were descended from Mohammed by hisdaughter Fatimah, and who wear the green turban instead of thewhite.

EMISSARY Vessels, in anatomy, the same with those morecommonly called excretory.

EMLY, an ancient city of Ireland , in Tipperary, now in ruins.It is 15 miles W. of Cashel .

EMMA, a river of the Helvetic republic , in the late canton ofBern .

EMMANUEL, [Sttusy, Heb. i. e. God with us,] one of thenames of our Saviour. See Isaiah vii. 14.

EM MACS, EMAUS, or AMMAUS, in ancient geography,a village, 60 stadia N. W\ of Jerusalem , or about 7 miles : it af-terwards became a town, and a Roman colony, called Nicopolis .Reland mentions a village called Eimi.aus towards Lydda , 2'Jmiles from Jerusalem ; and another, near Tiberias.

Emmaus, in modem geography, a Moravian settlement in Penn-sylvania, 8 miles from Bethlehem .

EMMENAGOGUES, medicines so named from <v, in,month, and I lead, because they promote the monthly dis-charge.

ENIMERICTI, EMMERICK, or EMBRICK, a rich forti-fied town of Germany, in Westphalia , on the left bank of theRhine.

EMMET. See Formica aiulTERMES.

EMM1US, Ubbo, a very learned professor, born at Gretha inEast Friesland , in 1547, and chosen vector of the college of Nor-den in 1579. This seminary'flourished exceedingly under hiscare ; and declined as visibly after he was ejected, in 1587, for re-fusing to subscribe the Confession of Augsburg. In 1588, he wasmade rector of the college of Leer; and when the city of Gro-ningen confederated with the United Provinces , the magistratesappointed him rector of that college : which employment he filledwith the highest repute near 20 years. The college being erectedinto an univeisitv, be was the first rector, and one of the chief or-naments of it by’his lectures, till his infirmities prevented his pub-lic appearance. Ilis wisdom was equal to his learning; so thatthe governor of Friesland and Groningen often consulted him, andseldom failed to follow his .advice. He wrote “ Vetus Gi scciaillustrata,” 3 vols.; “ Decades Rerum Fresicai um and many-other valuable works. He died in 1625.

EMOLLIENTS, those medicines which are supposed to softenand relax the fibres of the body, either by mechanically distend-ing such as before were too < loselv, that is, preternaturally com-bined ; or, bv penetrating into the interstices of the elementaryfibres, and supplying these particles, from a deficiency of whichthey were too intimately united. Among the remedies of theformer class are chiefly heat, and all unctuous applications ; suchas lard, wax, fat of venison, Ac.: to the latter belong all juicy,mucilaginous, and saccharine substances, serving both as nutrimentand medicines. Of this description are the expressed vegetableoils, fresh butter, decoctions of marsh-mallow s, intusinns of lintseed,&c. Emollients are indicated : 1. When the fibres are in toorigid a state; 2. When they are spasmodically contracted; 3. Inall active inflammations ; and 4. In obstinate costiveness, or accu-mulations of faeces in the intestines.

EMOLUMENT is properly applied to the profits arising dailyfrom an office or employment. The Latin , (inalumcntum, ac-cording to some, primarily signifies the profit redounding to themiller from his mill ; from mnlo, molerc, to grind.

EMO TION, [ emotion , Fr.'J disturbance of mind ; vehemenceof passion, pleasing or painful.

Emotion is thus distinguished from Passion, by the Jate cele ; -brated Lord Kaims, in his “ Elements on Criticism ;” vol. i.p. 41. “ An internal motion or agitation of the mind, when it

passelh away without desire, 'is denominated an emotion : whendesire follows, the motion or agitation is denominated a passion.

A fine