124

Class 1.—MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.South Side—Areas S. 1 to S. 27.

[United

Fine silicious grit (millstone grit, or miner’s “farewellrock”), from Bristol .

Carboniferous or Mountain Limestone.

Series of limestones and marbles from the defile of theriver Avon, Clifton, Bristol .

Old Red Sandstone, Silurian , §c.

Old red sandstone, from the banks of the Avon , belowBristol .

Grey sandstone, from Tortworth, Gloucestershire .

Red silicious conglomerate, from Markham Bottom,near Bristol .

Transition limestone and sandstone, from Tortworthand Charfield, Gloucestershire .

[The neighbourhood of Bristol is remarkable for thegreat variety of mineral produce which it yields, and theextended series of rocks observable within a moderatedistance.

It presents in the oolites, a series of building stonesuniversally known throughout England; in the lias, anumber of useful materials used for lime, cement, andother purposes; in the new red sandstone, mineral soils richin agricultural produce; in the coal measures, a very largestore of mineral fuel; and in the carboniferous limestone,admirable and beautiful building material, adapted foralmost every variety of circumstance. The Mendip Hillssupply an important series of metalliferous ores; and, inaddition to these sources of interest, many illustrationsof the extinct natural history of our country are obtainedfrom almost all the formations down to those of thelatest date.—D. T. A.]

Amygdaloidal trap rock, from Damory, Gloucester-shire .

Samples of the brick and pottery clays, with specimensof the manufacture.

Samples of sands, used for commercial purposes, andof the deposit from which the “Bath scouring brick” ismade. This brick is manufactured by Messrs. Ford &Son, Bridgewater.

Samples of ochre, reddle (oxide of iron), fullers’earth, &c.

Samples of strontian, massive and fibrous; gypsum,massive and fibrous; barytes (sulphate of); lime, whiteand the brown, or hydraulic.

Iron ores — haematite, compact, silicious, stalactitic,reniform, &c.

Ores of zinc: Blende (sulphuret); calamine (carbonate).

Ores of lead: Galena (sulphuret); white lead ore (car-bonate). Phosphate and muriate of lead.

Manganese ore (black).

Antimony ore (sulphuret).

Specimens of quartz crystals (Bristol diamonds);crystals of calc spar ; geodes (locally, potato-stones),containing various crystals, agates, See.

Series of the various seams of coal, worked in theBristol coal basin, showing the cleavage, fracture, &c.

Maps and sections illustrative of the position and loca-lities of the specimens are exhibited with them.

[This series of rocks, illustrating the economic geologyof the Bristol district, is of considerable interest, asshowing a large succession of beds, and the result, insome measure, of their close association at the surface.Of the substances used economically, the sands for Bathbricks, ochres, quartz crystals, and geodes, are worthy ofnotice. Of the ochres, the red and yellow are found inconsiderable quantities and of very good quality. Theyare friable, and stain the finger. The red is of deepcolour, between crimson and purple, and of strong body;the yellow of fine gold colour. They are dry and mix

well. The Bristol diamonds are clear quartz crystals,chiefly found near Clifton.—D. T. A.]

30 Fahie, James K., Tipperary , Ireland —Producer.

Copper ore, found on Lord Stanley’s property, nearTipperary, and from Hollyford.

Lead ore, found at Oola, near Tipperary.

Minerals from several parts of the country.

Anthracite coal, from Killanaule.

Building limestone, found near Tipperary.

Black and white marble, found at Mitchelstown, countyCork . Red and grey marble, found at Cloyne.

Hydraulic limestone, found near Tipperary; a naturalcement, produced in powder and biscuit.

Artificial cement, prepared from chalk, alluvium, andpit clay; and stucco, for interior work; prepared fromgypsum found in a limestone quarry near Tipperary.

White clay, in its rough state, found near Calier, andprepared in biscuit and small bricks, used for stone wareand pottery. Black clay, in its rough state, found at Kil-lanaule. Black fullers’ clay, found near Caher, in astratum over white clay.

Felspar, from Lord Kingston’s cave, county Cork .

Draining tiles and pipes, made on Lord Stanley’s pro-perty, near Tipperary.

Sands, white silica, found at Killonan, useful for heavyiron castings and other purposes. White silica, found nearCaher, used for pottery, &c. Manganese, found at Spring-house.

Inorganic vitreous matter, the produce of green ash andelm, calcined in a brick-kiln by the exhibitor.

Water, from a well in the rock of Cashel, lately dis-covered, about 150 feet above the general level of thesurrounding surface.

32 -

A collection of minerals from the Mendip Hills, Somer-setshire.

33 Talling, —, Truro —Producer.

Sundry minerals from Truro.

34 -

Minerals from Liskeard, Cornwall.

35 Ipswich Museum Committee, by theRev. J. Henslow, President—Producer.

Sundry minerals obtained from the neighbourhood ofIpswich, and used in the arts, as manure, for cement,and for some other purposes.

[These minerals from the neighbourhood of Ipswichinclude the cement stores found at Harwich and dredgedoff that coast; the recently obtained nodules, containingphosphate of lime, now rendered available for agriculturalpurposes, and existing abundantly near Felixtow; andsome other materials, all tending to illustrate the mineralriches of the district. Similar collections for other loca-lities would be of great interest in local museums, andmight be collected on a large scale at very small cost.—D. T. A.]

36 Paine, John M., Farnham —Producer.

Phosphoric fossils and marls from the upper greensand,

the gault, and the upper part of the lower greensandformations. These fossils are stated to contain as high apercentage of phosphate of lime as ordinary bones; andthey have been proved to be useful in fertilizing land.They are easily converted into superphosphate of lime, bythe agency of sulphuric acid. The clean fossils containfrom 50 to 70 per cent, of bone-earth phosphate; the greenmarl (without fossils) contains from 4 to 15 per cent.The substances found are characterised by the almosttotal absence of carbonic acid, and are, therefore, the morevaluable as a material for forming superphosphate oflime. These phosphoric fossils are to be found in greateror less quantities at the bottom of the chalk range of